nurs 1014 midterm 2 questions with complete solutions

Heart position - right answer--right side is anterior and left side is posterior Pericardium - right answer--tough, fibrous, double-walled sac that surrounds and protects the heart. It also provides smooth friction-free movement of the heart muscle Myocardium - right answer--muscular of the heart, does the pumping Endocardium - right answer--the thin layer of endothelial tissue that lines the inner surface of the heart chambers and valves Atrioventricular (AV) valves - right answer--separate atria and ventricles, tricuspid on the right, mitral on the left Semilunar valves - right answer--pulmonic valve on the right side and aortic on the left Direction of bloodflow - right answer---enters via inferior/superior vena cava -right atrium -tricuspid valve -right ventricle -pulmonic valve -pulmonary artery -lungs-pulmonary veins -left atrium -mitral valve -left ventricle -aortic valve -aorta Cardiac cycle - right answer--rhythmic movement of blood flow through the heart 2 phases of the cardiac cycle - right answer--systole & diastole Diastole - right answer--ventricles relax and fill with blood (⅔ of the cardiac cycle), AV valves are open Systole - right answer--hearts contraction (⅓ of cycle), AV valves are closed Isometric contraction - right answer--all 4 heart valves are closed and the ventricles relax S1 - right answer--occurs with closure of the AV valves, loudest at the apex, start of systole or "lub"