DCF Child Care Training Exam 2023 Child Growth and Development Questions And Answers

Specific body changes and increases in the child's size such as a child's height, weight, head circumference and BMI - correct answer--Growth An increase in complexity, a change from relatively simple to more complicated and involves progression where child gains refined knowledge, behaviors and skills. - correct answer--Development The following are _________ between children in growth: 1. growth proceeds from head down 2. control of head and neck first, then arms, then legs 3. brain, heart and spinal cord are fully functional at birth 4. arm and leg muscles first then fingers and toes - correct answer--Similarities between children in growth The following are _____________: 1. Developmental sequence is similar for all 2. Development proceeds from general to specific 3. Development is continuous 4. Development proceeds at different rates 5. All areas of development are interrelated - correct answer--5 basic principles of child growth and development Principle ____: children develop in relatively the same ways, there is a typical sequence of development that occurs as the child grows, behaviors and skills emerge in the same order - correct answer--Principle 1 Principle _____: body changes in a sequence and gives new abilities; as brain develops, cognitive skills improve - correct answer--Principle 2 Principle _____: there is continuity from one phase of development to the next, children continue to add behaviors as they perfect others (ex: language; cooing --> words) - correct answer--Principle 3 Principle _____: sequence of development is the same but the rate is different, development is constant but not uniform - correct answer--Principle 4 Principle _____: the developmental domains influence development in other areas. - correct answer--Principle 5 A set of ideas of facts principles analyzed in relation to one another and used to explain a phenomena. - correct answer--Theory Who came up with the following and what is it called? 1. Physical (food) 2. Security (stability) 3. Belonging (social, love, acceptance) 4. Esteem Needs (importance) 5. Self-Actualization (empathy) - correct answer--What are the 5 levels of Maslow's Hierarchy? What does Maslow's Hierarchy mean to child care professionals? - correct answer--Basic needs must be met first, if not, self-worth suffers. Awareness of family circumstances can help caregivers know what needs are or are not being met. Who came up with the following and what is it called? There are 8 total first 4 deal with birth - 12 (where children develop ability to learn) Emotional development is a serious of conflicts that must be resolved before proceeding to the next. Moving through the conflicts successfully ensures social and emotional stability - correct answer--Erik Erikson Conflicts in emotional development What are the first 4 stages of conflict and what age range do they correspond to? - correct answer--Trust v. Mistrust- Infant Autonomy v. Shame and Doubt- Toddler Initiative v. Guilt- Preschool Industry v. Inferiority- Grade School What do Erik Eriksons' conflicts mean to child care professionals? - correct answer--Create relationships with children that are built on trust, allow children to exercise autonomy, promote creativity Who came up with the following and what is it called? 1. Sensorimotor 0-2: learning through sensory perception and motor skills 2. Preoperational 2-7: uses symbols, bound by what they experience directly and not by what they think 3. Concrete-Operational 7-11: rational thinking 4. Formal