EFM
what is a normal fetal heart rate - ANS-110 to 160
how do you determine the base line fhr on a strip - ANS-- the mean fhr rounded to
increments of 5 bpm
-during a ten minute period
-exclude all decels, accels and marked variability
-need 2 min of definition base or use previous 10 min
define bradycardia as related to a fetal heart rate - ANS-< 110
what can bradycardia suggest - ANS-hypoxia
define hypoxia - ANS-an o2 deficiency in body tissues
define tachycardia as it relates to fetal heart rate - ANS-> 160
what can cause tachycardia - ANS--hypoxia
-maternal fever
-infection (fetus or mom)
what is the most sensative predictor of o2 status in the fetus - ANS-variability
what specific system in the fetus does variability show the status of - ANS--o2 status of
the autonomic nervous system (part of the cns)
what factors influence variability - ANS--decrease o2 in the fetal cns
-narcotics
-prematurity
-fetal sleep
-abnormalitys in the fetal cns, heart or both
define variability - ANS--fluctuations in the baseline fhr
-these are irregular in amplitude and frequency
-measured from peak to trough in bpm
-determined in a 10 min window
-excludes accels and decels
, a sleeping fetus may show what when variabilty is assessed on the strip -
ANS-decreased variability lasting approximately 30 min
how is variability classified - ANS--absent
-minimal
-moderate
-marked
define absent variability - ANS--the amplitude range is undetectable
define minimal variability - ANS-the amplitude range is from not detectable to 5 bpm
define moderate variability - ANS-the amplitude range is from 6 to 25 bpm
define marked variability - ANS-the amplitude range is greater than 25 bpm
what is an acceleration - ANS--an abrupt increase in the fhr
-the onset of the accel to the peak is less than 30 sec.
are accelerations a good sign, if so what are they a sign of - ANS--yes
-adequate fetal o2
what can be done to the fetus to initiate a acceleration - ANS-scalp stimulation
define a prolonged acceleration - ANS-> = 2 min but < 10 min
an acceleration lasting 10 minutes or longer is what - ANS-a base line change
what types of decelerations are there - ANS--early
-late
-variable
define a early deceleration - ANS--gradual decrease and return of the fhr
-will be a mirror of the contraction
-the nadir (lowest point) will occur at the same time as the peak of the contraction
what is the time frame for an early deceleration - ANS--onset to nadir (lowest point) is
>= 30 sec
what is a normal fetal heart rate - ANS-110 to 160
how do you determine the base line fhr on a strip - ANS-- the mean fhr rounded to
increments of 5 bpm
-during a ten minute period
-exclude all decels, accels and marked variability
-need 2 min of definition base or use previous 10 min
define bradycardia as related to a fetal heart rate - ANS-< 110
what can bradycardia suggest - ANS-hypoxia
define hypoxia - ANS-an o2 deficiency in body tissues
define tachycardia as it relates to fetal heart rate - ANS-> 160
what can cause tachycardia - ANS--hypoxia
-maternal fever
-infection (fetus or mom)
what is the most sensative predictor of o2 status in the fetus - ANS-variability
what specific system in the fetus does variability show the status of - ANS--o2 status of
the autonomic nervous system (part of the cns)
what factors influence variability - ANS--decrease o2 in the fetal cns
-narcotics
-prematurity
-fetal sleep
-abnormalitys in the fetal cns, heart or both
define variability - ANS--fluctuations in the baseline fhr
-these are irregular in amplitude and frequency
-measured from peak to trough in bpm
-determined in a 10 min window
-excludes accels and decels
, a sleeping fetus may show what when variabilty is assessed on the strip -
ANS-decreased variability lasting approximately 30 min
how is variability classified - ANS--absent
-minimal
-moderate
-marked
define absent variability - ANS--the amplitude range is undetectable
define minimal variability - ANS-the amplitude range is from not detectable to 5 bpm
define moderate variability - ANS-the amplitude range is from 6 to 25 bpm
define marked variability - ANS-the amplitude range is greater than 25 bpm
what is an acceleration - ANS--an abrupt increase in the fhr
-the onset of the accel to the peak is less than 30 sec.
are accelerations a good sign, if so what are they a sign of - ANS--yes
-adequate fetal o2
what can be done to the fetus to initiate a acceleration - ANS-scalp stimulation
define a prolonged acceleration - ANS-> = 2 min but < 10 min
an acceleration lasting 10 minutes or longer is what - ANS-a base line change
what types of decelerations are there - ANS--early
-late
-variable
define a early deceleration - ANS--gradual decrease and return of the fhr
-will be a mirror of the contraction
-the nadir (lowest point) will occur at the same time as the peak of the contraction
what is the time frame for an early deceleration - ANS--onset to nadir (lowest point) is
>= 30 sec
