NUR 325 Pain Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions

A8 fibers - myelinated sensory fibers fast sharp, stabbing sensations Acute pain - sudden onset and short duration -linked to a specific injury or event that heals within normal time -considered normal and part of body defense mechanism breakthrough pain - severe pain the erupts while a patient is at a stable baseline of pain (such as on a pain-killer) C fibers - unmyelinated, slow-conducting fibers that carry peripheral impulses associated with pain to the spinal cord --burning, aching central pain - arising from a lesion in the CNS chemical mediators of pain (activate nociceptors) - prostoglandins bradykinins serotonin substance P histamine Chronic pain - lasting more than 3 months (may last for years) --viewed as pathologiccomponents of a comprehensive pain assessment - Deafferentation pain - chronic and results from the loss of afferent input to the CNS Does nociception always result in nociceptive pain? - No end-of-dose failure pain - Episodes of pain that occur before the next analgesic dose Eudynic pain - normal transduction of pain sensation by nociceptors frequency of pain - constant, intermittent, occasional How is pain assessed on a patient? - number of questions are asked idiopathic pain - breakthrough pain lasting longer and without identifiable cause incident pain - breakthrough pain is brief and caused by voluntary motion individual risk factors - communication cognitive impairment mental health conditions injury conditions associated with pain invasive/surgical procedures for pain - epidural steroid injections, joint injections, nerve blocks, spinal cord simulators, joint replacement Is chronic pain in older adults normal? - It is prevalent but NOT A NORMAL PART OF AGINGmodulation of pain - midbrain releases substances: endorphins serotonin dynorphin multimodal analgesic therapy - employs the use of two or more classes of analgesic agents to take advantage of the various mechanisms of action neuralgia pain - associated with nerve damage or irritati