NAMS Certification Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions 100% Verified
NAMS Certification Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions 100% Verified Physiology of VMS - Correct Answer -thermoregulatory center altered by increase in KNDy neurons -activation of NK3R causes hot flashes -blockade of NK3R reduces/eliminates hot flashes -may also be affected by: serotonin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine; parasympathetic nerve activity Off label rx for VMS - Correct Answer -SSRIs -SNRIs -Gabapentinoids -Clonidine -Oxybutynin Studies on Fractional Co2 Laser for GSM - Correct Answer -not FDA approved -vaginal symptoms and sexual function scores increased significantly at 3 mon; noted continued improvement at 1y Ospemifene (Osphena) indications and MOA - Correct Answer -for treatment of dyspareunia -decreases vaginal pH -improves vaginal dryness -shifts vaginal maturational index to superficial cells -estrogen agonist/antagonist Ospemifene (Osphena) adverse effects - Correct Answer -increase in uterine polyps -proliferative endometrium -slight increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke and VTE -can increase VMS treatment of urge incontinence - Correct Answer -behavioral modifications -overactivity of the detrusor muscle
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