All Chapters ✅
Chap 01 8e Goldberg Answers Included ✅
1) Why did Mendel perform reciprocal crosses?
A) To obtain enough plants to perform the experiments that Mendel wanted.
B) To test a hypothesis that stated the ovum carries all the information for progeny.
C) To be able to breed plants year round.
D) To determine whether the inheritance of a trait depends on which parent carries the
trait.
2) What is the difference between cross- and self-fertilization?
A) In cross-fertilization, the pollen from one plant is used to fertilize the egg from the
same plant.
B) In cross-fertilization, the pollen from one plant is used to fertilize the egg of another
plant.
C) In self-fertilization, the pollen from one plant is used to fertilize the egg from another
plant.
D) In cross-fertilization, insects are used to pollinate the plants, whereas in self-
fertilization, the investigator pollinates the plants.
3) What is the outcome of crossing two pure-breeding plants with antagonistic characters of
traits?
A) Only one of the characteristics will be seen in the progeny.
B) Both characteristics will be seen in the progeny.
C) Both characteristics will be seen in the progeny in a 3:1 ratio.
D) Only one characteristic will be seen, and it will be that of the female.
4) According to Mendel's law of independent assortment,
A) alleles of genes assort into gametes grouped according to how they were inherited
originally.
B) dominant alleles for one gene must assort into the same gamete as the dominant
alleles for another gene.
C) alleles of genes on different chromosomes assort randomly into different gametes.
D) dominant alleles for one gene must assort into the same gamete as the recessive
alleles for another gene.
1
,5) <p>An mating is performed. If the phenotypic ratio of the progeny is 3:1,
then</p>
A) one allele is dominant and the other is recessive.
B) neither allele is dominant.
C) <p>the <em> </em> allele is dominant to the <em> </em> allele.</p>
D) the <em> </em> allele is dominant to the <em> </em> allele.
E) the relationship between the alleles cannot be determined.
6) Which of the following probabilities is correct (according to Mendel's law of independent
assortment) regarding a mating of an Ss RR individual to an individual who is Ss Rr? (A –
indicates the second allele is either dominant or recessive.)
A) Homozygous recessive: 10%
B) Heterozygous both alleles: 50%
C) ss R– : 15.5%
D) S– RR: 37.5%
7)
What does the pattern of inheritance in this pedigree indicate about the rare disease allele?
A) The disease allele is dominant.
B) The disease allele is recessive.
C) There is no indication that the disease allele is either dominant or recessive.
D) The disease allele is not inherited but arises only by a new mutation in affected
individuals.
2
,8) The mutant alleles of the CF gene that result in cystic fibrosis are recessive to normal alleles
because
A) the protein produced by the normal allele in heterozygotes is sufficient for normal
cellular function.
B) the CF mutations that cause cystic fibrosis always result in no protein being
produced.
C) CF mutations result in a protein that has normal function only if normal CFTR
protein also exists in the cell.
D) dominant alleles that cause a fatal disorder, such as cystic fibrosis, cannot be
inherited.
9) The reason that the HD allele that causes Huntington disease is dominant to </em>
alleles is that</p>
A) the normal HD allele does not normally produce a protein but the mutant HD allele
does.
B) the mutant HD allele suppresses protein production from the normal HD allele.
C) the HD mutation results in a protein that can damage nerve cells even in the presence
of the normal protein.
D) the protein produced from the mutant HD allele is nonfunctional.
10) If an individual is heterozygous for only 7 of his gene pairs (he is homozygous for all of his
other genes), how many different gamete types can he produce?
A) 49
B) 100
C) 128
D) 1024
E) 131,072
3
, 11) In some genetically engineered corn plants, a Bt gene was inserted into a chromosome. The
Bt gene specifies a protein called Bt that is lethal to certain flying insect pests that eat the
corn plants.
If the corn plant is heterozygous for the Bt gene (one homolog has the introduced Bt gene and
the other does not), what proportion of the sperm would carry the Bt gene? Is the presence of
the Bt gene (a mutation) dominant or recessive to its absence (the wild type)?
A) all pollen; dominant
B) 1/2; dominant
C) 1/3; recessive
D) 1/4; dominant
E) 1/8; recessive
12) Suppose that in plants, smooth seeds (S) is dominant to wrinkled seeds (s), and tall plants (T)
is dominant to short plants (t). An plant from a mating between homozygous plants that
were tall/smooth and short/wrinkled was crossed to the short/wrinkled parent.
What proportion of the progeny are expected (according to the Mendel’s law of independent
assortment) to be homozygous for short and wrinkled alleles?
A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 1/8
D) 1/16
E) 0
13) Sickle-cell disease is a recessive trait in humans.
In a cross between a male who has sickle-cell disease and a female who is heterozygous for
the sickle-cell allele, what is the probability that all of their first three children will be
unaffected?
A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) none
D) 1/8
E) 1/16
4
Chap 01 8e Goldberg Answers Included ✅
1) Why did Mendel perform reciprocal crosses?
A) To obtain enough plants to perform the experiments that Mendel wanted.
B) To test a hypothesis that stated the ovum carries all the information for progeny.
C) To be able to breed plants year round.
D) To determine whether the inheritance of a trait depends on which parent carries the
trait.
2) What is the difference between cross- and self-fertilization?
A) In cross-fertilization, the pollen from one plant is used to fertilize the egg from the
same plant.
B) In cross-fertilization, the pollen from one plant is used to fertilize the egg of another
plant.
C) In self-fertilization, the pollen from one plant is used to fertilize the egg from another
plant.
D) In cross-fertilization, insects are used to pollinate the plants, whereas in self-
fertilization, the investigator pollinates the plants.
3) What is the outcome of crossing two pure-breeding plants with antagonistic characters of
traits?
A) Only one of the characteristics will be seen in the progeny.
B) Both characteristics will be seen in the progeny.
C) Both characteristics will be seen in the progeny in a 3:1 ratio.
D) Only one characteristic will be seen, and it will be that of the female.
4) According to Mendel's law of independent assortment,
A) alleles of genes assort into gametes grouped according to how they were inherited
originally.
B) dominant alleles for one gene must assort into the same gamete as the dominant
alleles for another gene.
C) alleles of genes on different chromosomes assort randomly into different gametes.
D) dominant alleles for one gene must assort into the same gamete as the recessive
alleles for another gene.
1
,5) <p>An mating is performed. If the phenotypic ratio of the progeny is 3:1,
then</p>
A) one allele is dominant and the other is recessive.
B) neither allele is dominant.
C) <p>the <em> </em> allele is dominant to the <em> </em> allele.</p>
D) the <em> </em> allele is dominant to the <em> </em> allele.
E) the relationship between the alleles cannot be determined.
6) Which of the following probabilities is correct (according to Mendel's law of independent
assortment) regarding a mating of an Ss RR individual to an individual who is Ss Rr? (A –
indicates the second allele is either dominant or recessive.)
A) Homozygous recessive: 10%
B) Heterozygous both alleles: 50%
C) ss R– : 15.5%
D) S– RR: 37.5%
7)
What does the pattern of inheritance in this pedigree indicate about the rare disease allele?
A) The disease allele is dominant.
B) The disease allele is recessive.
C) There is no indication that the disease allele is either dominant or recessive.
D) The disease allele is not inherited but arises only by a new mutation in affected
individuals.
2
,8) The mutant alleles of the CF gene that result in cystic fibrosis are recessive to normal alleles
because
A) the protein produced by the normal allele in heterozygotes is sufficient for normal
cellular function.
B) the CF mutations that cause cystic fibrosis always result in no protein being
produced.
C) CF mutations result in a protein that has normal function only if normal CFTR
protein also exists in the cell.
D) dominant alleles that cause a fatal disorder, such as cystic fibrosis, cannot be
inherited.
9) The reason that the HD allele that causes Huntington disease is dominant to </em>
alleles is that</p>
A) the normal HD allele does not normally produce a protein but the mutant HD allele
does.
B) the mutant HD allele suppresses protein production from the normal HD allele.
C) the HD mutation results in a protein that can damage nerve cells even in the presence
of the normal protein.
D) the protein produced from the mutant HD allele is nonfunctional.
10) If an individual is heterozygous for only 7 of his gene pairs (he is homozygous for all of his
other genes), how many different gamete types can he produce?
A) 49
B) 100
C) 128
D) 1024
E) 131,072
3
, 11) In some genetically engineered corn plants, a Bt gene was inserted into a chromosome. The
Bt gene specifies a protein called Bt that is lethal to certain flying insect pests that eat the
corn plants.
If the corn plant is heterozygous for the Bt gene (one homolog has the introduced Bt gene and
the other does not), what proportion of the sperm would carry the Bt gene? Is the presence of
the Bt gene (a mutation) dominant or recessive to its absence (the wild type)?
A) all pollen; dominant
B) 1/2; dominant
C) 1/3; recessive
D) 1/4; dominant
E) 1/8; recessive
12) Suppose that in plants, smooth seeds (S) is dominant to wrinkled seeds (s), and tall plants (T)
is dominant to short plants (t). An plant from a mating between homozygous plants that
were tall/smooth and short/wrinkled was crossed to the short/wrinkled parent.
What proportion of the progeny are expected (according to the Mendel’s law of independent
assortment) to be homozygous for short and wrinkled alleles?
A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 1/8
D) 1/16
E) 0
13) Sickle-cell disease is a recessive trait in humans.
In a cross between a male who has sickle-cell disease and a female who is heterozygous for
the sickle-cell allele, what is the probability that all of their first three children will be
unaffected?
A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) none
D) 1/8
E) 1/16
4
