CNS Exam Prep - CBNS Exam Primer - Section 2 - Basic Principles of Nutrition (p. 61/62) Review Questions and Answers

How are an individual's energy requirements determined? The dietary energy required by an individual is determined by the individual's energy expenditure. There are several components of daily energy expenditure. Total Energy Expenditure = Resting Energy Expenditure + Thermal Effect of Activity Resting Energy Expenditure = Basal Energy Expenditure + Thermal Effect of Food + Energy Requirements of Growth Define resting energy expenditure (REE), also called basal metabolic rate (BMR) or resting metabolic rate (RMR) Resting energy expenditure (REE), also called basal metabolic rate (BMR) or resting metabolic rate (RMR), estimates the maintenance energy required to sustain the basic processes of sedentary, inactive life (including normal growth in children and the energy cost of digesting and absorbing food nutrients). The amount of dietary energy required to fulfill this function in healthy individuals may be calculated according to the Harris- Benedict equations: What are the Harris-Benedict equations? Males: REE (kcal/day) = 66.47 + 13.75W + 5.0H - 6.76 A Females: REE (kcal/day) = 655.10 + 9.56W + 1.85H - 4.68A Where W = body weight in kg, H = height in cm and A = age in years. Alternatively, REE may be estimated much more simply, with approximately equal accuracy, as 20 to 25 kcal/kg body weight.