EMT-BASIC PRACTICE EXAM 3 Verified Questions and Answers

EMT-BASIC PRACTICE EXAM 3 Verified Questions and Answers EMT-BASIC PRACTICE EXAM 3 Verified Questions and Answers EMT-BASIC PRACTICE EXAM 3 Verified Questions and Answers 1. Weakening of the airway in patients with chronic bronchitis is the result of: A) acute constriction of the bronchioles caused by an external irritant. B) airway irritation caused by a marked decrease in mucus production. C) loss of the lubricating substance that facilitates alveolar expansion. D) destruction of protective mechanisms that remove foreign particles. ANS: D destruction of protective mechanisms that remove foreign particles. 2. Which of the following MOST accurately describes septic shock? A) viral infection of the blood vessels, vascular damage, and vasoconstriction B) bacterial damage to the vessel wall, leaking blood vessels, and vasodilation C) widespread vasoconstriction and plasma loss due to a severe viral infection D) bacterial infection of the nervous system with widespread vasodilation ANS: B bacterial damage to the vessel wall, leaking blood vessels, and vasodilation 3. Which of the following statements regarding anaphylactic shock is MOST correct? A) Sensitized people will experience less severe reactions upon subsequent exposure. B) Each subsequent exposure following sensitization often produces a more severe reaction. C) Anaphylactic shock is the result of immune system failure due to a toxic exposure. D) Anaphylactic shock occurs immediately after a person is sensitized to an allergen. ANS: B Each subsequent exposure following sensitization often pro- duces a more severe reaction. 4. What is most likely to cause cardiogenic shock? A) Heart Attack B) Poor Contractility C) Increased preload D) Increased afterload ANS: D Increased afterload 5. When treating an 80-year-old patient who is in shock, it is important to remember that: A) compensation from the respiratory system usually manifests with increased tidal volume. B) changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, which increases the risk for vomiting. C) medications older patients take for hypertension often cause an unusually fast heart rate. D) the older patient's central nervous system usually reacts more briskly to compensate for shock. ANS: B changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, which increases the risk for vomiting. 6. Pulmonary edema can cause what kind of shock? A) Neurogenic Shock B) Hypovolemic Shock C) Cardiogenic Shock D) Obstructive Shock ANS: C Cardiogenic Shock 7. Where does gas exchange happen in your lungs? A) lung sac B) arteries C) veins D) alveoli ANS: D alveoli 8. Where does gas exchange happen in your toes? A) arterioles B) venules C) capillaries D) lungs ANS: C capillaries 9. Where is the epiglottis located?' A) Pharynx B) Esophagus C) Trachea D) Larynx ANS: D Larynx 10. What is the bottom cartilage of the larynx? A) Cricoid Cartilage B) Thyroid Cartilage C) Costal Cartilage D) Hyaline Cartilage ANS: A Cricoid Cartilage 11. What is ventilation? A) Exchange of gas between the body and the environment B) Exchange of air between the lungs and the environment ANS: B Exchange of air between the lungs and the environment 12. Inhalation occurs when the: A) diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax and cause an increase in intrathoracic pressure. B) diaphragm and intercostal muscles ascend and cause an increase in intrathoracic pressure. C) diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure. D) diaphragm ascends and the intercostal muscles contract, causing a decrease in intrathoracic pressure. ANS: C diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure. 13. Is the diaphragm muscle involuntary or voluntary? A) Voluntary B) Involuntary C) Both ANS: C Both 14. What is hypoxia? A) Increased amount of oxygen in cells and tissues B) Decreased amount of oxygen in cells and tissues C) Decreased amount of oxygen in the blood D) Decreased amount of oxygen in bone cells ANS: B Decreased amount of oxygen in cells and tissues 15. What is hypoxemia? A) Decreased amount of blood B) Increased amount of blood C) Decreased amount of blood flow D) Decreased oxygen in the blood ANS: D Decreased oxygen in the blood 16. Gas exchange in the lungs is facilitated by: A) the contraction of the bronchi B) the relaxation of the bronchi C) surfactant D) movement of the alveoli due to increased pressure ANS: C surfactant 17. A 17 year old male patient has significant blood loss to his lower right arm. You apply a tourniquet which stops the bleeding and cuts off oxygen to that extremity. The lack of oxygen results in anaerobic metabolism, which produces what? A) water and carbon dioxide B) lactic acid C) glucose D) glycogen ANS: B lactic acid 18. Build up of Carbon Dioxide in the body without proper ventilation results in what? A) hypercarbia B) hypocarbia C) hypoperfusion D) hyperperfusion ANS: A hypercarbia 19. An unconscious patient is not breathing adequately, so you insert an oral airway. The patient starts to gag, what is the next step you perform? A) Insert a nasal airway B) Suction the mouth C) Close the mouth D) Remove the oral airway ANS: D Remove the oral airway 20. In what situation would you use a nasal airway? A) a patient with no gag reflex B) a patient who has diabetes C) a patient who is cyanotic D) a patient who is semiconscious or has a gag reflex ANS: D a patient who is semiconscious or has a gag reflex