WGU C190- Module 5, 6, 7 Introduction to Biology Review Questions and Answers

Amino Acids building blocks of proteins Carbohydrates the starches and sugars present in foods Fats lipids that are solid at room temperature; composing of glycerol and saturated fatty acids Glucose a simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates; primary product (output) of photosynthesis and primary reactant (input) of cellular respiration Hydrophillic attracted to water (polar); refers to molecules that are water soluble Hydrophobic Having an aversion to water; molecules do not interact with water and are characterized by complete lack of electronegative atoms Inorganic molecules simple molecules not found in living things; molecules that do not contain both carbon and hydrogen (however could contain one) (e.g.; salts, strong acids and bases, metal compounds) Lipids organic macromolecules that are largely nonpolar (electrons are evenly distributed among atoms in a molecule) and as a result are hydrophobic. Perform many functions in the cell including storage of energy for long-term use in the form of fats, insulation from the environment, and building blocks for hormones. Include fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids. Monomer A small organic molecule that may bind chemically to other molecules to form a polymer Monosaccharides a simple sugar (carbohydrate) containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio respectively. (Glucose, fructose and ribose are examples) Oils fats that are liquid at room temperature; a type of lipid composed of glycerol and unsaturated fatty acids