WGU C190 Introduction to Biology - Unit 3 Review Questions and Answers

Features of DNA Function: Stores genetic information. Location: Remains in the nucleus. Structure: Double helix. Sugar: Deoxyribose. Pyrimidines: Cytosine, Thymine. Purines: Adenine, guanine. Features of RNA Function: Involved in protein synthesis. Location: Leaves the nucleus. Structure: Usually single-stranded. Sugar: Ribose. Pyrimidines: Cytosine, uracil. Purines: Adenine, guanine. Actin Filament in the Cytoskeleton which has a prominent role in cell movement, maintaining cell shape, and connection to other cells, as well as intracellular transport. Cell Membrane provides a barrier between the interior and exterior of the cell and it regulates the flow of substances in and out of the cell. Cell wall Protective layer for prokaryotes, made of peptidoglycan. Central vacuole In a plant cell. Can be a place of storage, degradation, defense, and even physical support for the cell. Centriole A barrel-shaped structure only present in animal cells. Plays a role in the spatial organization of the cell and cell division. Chloroplast In a plant cell. Chloroplasts capture energy from the sun and use that energy to build sugar molecules. Chromatin the material of which the chomrosomes of organisms are composed. Consists of protein, RNA and DNA Chromosome A single molecule of DNA. Cilium a short, microscopic, hairlike vibrating structure. Occurs in large numbers on the surface of certain cells. Cytoplasm the fluid that occupies the space inside the cell. The space in which the chemical reactions that enable life take place.