Philosophy A Level Key Terms- Questions and Answers

Inductive An argument that reasons from specific observations to general conclusions A priori Reasoning based on thought, not observation Deductive An argument that draws certain conclusions from true premises A posteriori Reasoning based on observation, not thought Contingent Something that depends on something else for its existence Necessary A being that cannot not exist or a statement that cannot not be true. Analytic A statement that is true by definition Synthetic A statement that is confirmed through observation Theist A believer in a personal, sustaining God Deist A believer in a creative, non-personal God 'All events has a cause' An example of a synthetic statement 'All batchelors are unmarried' An example of an analytic statement Logical problem of evil The existence of evil makes God's existence logically impossible. Evidential problem of evil The existence of evil makes God's existence unlikely. Transworld depravity Every possible world must contain evil Seminally present We have all inherited Adam's sin Privation A lack of something Original sin The natural tendency of humans to do evil