Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology Practice Questions and Expert Solutions |Graded A+
Histamine A chemical the body produces that causes the inflammatory response. Antihistamine Relieve the effects of histamine on body organs and structures Antihistamines Limit the release of acetylcholine, producing an anticholinergic (drying effect) In bronchioles and GI system Antihistamines Have a sedative effect on the central nervous system Histamine H2 antagonist Compete with histamine at H2 receptor sites, only H2 receptors located in the GI tract FDA OTC cough and cold products not be used on infants and children less than 2 years old, some should not be used in children younger than 6 Second generation antihistamines Rapid onset of relief of sneezing, prutritus (itching), and watery rhinorrhea...do not cross the blood brain barrier do not cause significant sedation Antihistamines adverse reactions Constipation, blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention, and dried thickened secretions caused by mucosal drying Antihistamines Interacts with MAO inhibitors Look for drug interactions
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