FISDAP Airway, Ventilation, and Respiratory Review Questions with Answers

What are the adult ventilation rates and adequate volumes? 12-20 breaths per minute, 120/80 BP, O2 Stat of greater than 95% What are the complications of hyperventilation? Leads to carbon dioxide blow off, which causes vasoconstriction, and limits blood flow to the brain What is dyspnea? difficulty breathing What is nocturnal dyspnea? Difficulty breathing after sleep or while asleep Lung sounds usually heard usually during asthma, COPD, emphysema, and Chronic Bronchitis / high pitched Wheezes Lung sounds caused by fluid in the alveoli / sounds like bubbles Crackles Lung sound due to a obstruction / high pitched on inspiration Stridor Lung sounds due to secretions in larger airways / Lower pitched Rhonchi Condition of excessive fluid buildup in the lungs and/or other organs because of inadequate pumping of the heart Congestive heart failure Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, black lung, and respiratory illnesses are classified as COPD / Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Air from the chest cavity is prevented from escaping, usually during closed chest injuries and caused by rub on internal surfaces Tension pneumothorax Tachycardia is? High heart rate Bradycardia is? Low heart rate What is hyperventilation? Increased depth and rate of breathing What is hypoxic drive? It is a backup system to control respirations when oxygen levels fall. *Secondary drive*