DAANCE Module 5 Review Questions and Answers Graded A+

Hypoxia Deficiency of oxygen Can result in cardiac dysrhythmia, cardiac arrest, neurologic or brain damage, and ultimately death Will occur more rapidly in children secondary to a diminished respiratory reserve Signs of an airway obstruction and treatment choking, gagging, suprasternal notch retraction, labored breathing and rapid pulse initially followed by decreased pulse, respiratory arrest and cardiac arrest TX: 1. 100% O2 2. Trendelenburg position/pack off the surgical site 3. Digital traction of the tongue with gauze, tongue forceps, hemostat or tongue suture 4. Suction oropharynx If the tongue continues to fall back 5. nasopharyngeal airway in conscious/semiconscous patient 6. oropharyngeal airway for unconscous 7. Consider using LMA or other supraglottic airway 8. Endotracheal tube Cricothyrotomy Only used when all other methods have failed. Quickest, easiest way for surgical airway Made between the thin cricothyroid membrane between the cricoid and thyroid cartilages of the larynx. TX: a. cleanse overlying skin b. locate cricothyroid membrane by palpation c. utilize the emergency cricothyrotomy needle/ cannula or large gauge to enter the trachea beneath the vocal cords through the cricothyroid membrane d. attach the tube of the crycothyrotomy device to an oxygen source such as an anesthesia machine or ambu bag and ventilate 100% O2 Tracheostomy Surgical airway below the level of the larynx into the trachea. Usually performed in a hospital setting