Clinical Pharmacology Exam Review Questions and Answers

Absorption A drug moved from site of administration to body fluids. Adverse Reaction Undesirable drug effect Allergic reaction Immediate hypersensitivity reaction w/symptoms; it presents as itching hives swelling & difficulty breathing Anaphylactic shock sudden, severe hypersensitivity reaction w/symptoms that progress rapidly and may result in death if not treated; Angioedma localized wheals or swellings in subcutaneous tissue or mucous membranes, which may be due to an allergic response. Controlled substances Drugs that have the potential for abuse and dependency, both physically and psychological cumulative drug effect When the body is unable to metabolize & excrete one dose of a drug before the next is given Distribution drug moves from circulation to body tissue or a target site. Drug idiosyncrasy Any unusual or abnormal response the differs from the response normally expected to a specific drug and dosage. Drug tolerance decreased response to a drug, requiring an increase in dosage to achieve the desire effect Excretion elimination of a drug from the body First-pass effect action by which an oral drug is absorbed and carried directly to the liver, where it is inactived by enzymes before it enters the general blood stream. Half-life time required for the body to eliminate 50% of a drug Herbal medicine type of complementary/alternative therapy that uses plants or herbs to treat various disorders Hypersensitivity undesirable reaction produced by a normal immune system