Biology II Bio beyond Unit 6 Pt. 2 Study Guide with Questions and Answers

Activation energy the amount of initial energy necessary for reactions to occur Active site a specific region on the enzyme where the substrate binds Allosteric inhibition the mechanism for inhibiting enzyme action in which a regulatory molecule binds to a second site (not the active site) and initiates a conformation change in the active site, preventing binding with the substrate Anabolic describes the pathway that requires a net energy input to synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones Bioenergetics the concept of energy flow through living systems Catabolic describes the pathway in which complex molecules are broken down into simpler ones, yielding energy as an additional product of the reaction Competitive inhibition a general mechanism of enzyme activity regulation in which a molecule other than the enzyme's substrate is able to bind the active site and prevent the substrate itself from binding, thus inhibiting the overall rate of reaction for the enzyme Endergonic describes a chemical reaction that results in products that store more chemical potential energy than the reactants Enzyme a molecule that catalyzes a biochemical reaction Exergonic describes a chemical reaction that results in products with less chemical potential energy than the reactants, plus the release of free energy Feedback inhibition a mechanism of enzyme activity regulation in which the product of a reaction or the final product of a series of sequential reactions inhibits an enzyme for an earlier step in the reaction series Heat energy the energy transferred from one system to another that is not work Kinetic energy the type of energy associated with objects in motion