CPAER General Knowledge Exam with Complete Solutions

CPAER General Knowledge Exam with Complete Solutions Why must you correct heading indicator every 15 minutes? - Answer-Precession error/bearing friction The absolute service ceiling of an a/c is - Answer-The height at which the rate of climb is *zero* Before stalling the center of pressure will - Answer-Move forward Pilots shall not overfly herds of reindeer or caribou at altitudes of less than - Answer- 2,000ft How often must commercial emergency training take place? - Answer-Every 12 months No person shall operate an a/c without a seat and safety belt unless it is - Answer-A balloon What do you need to enter class F restricted airspace? - Answer-Permission Latches on a seatbelt must be - Answer-Metal to metal Vne - Answer-Never exceed speed, maximum speed at which a/c can be operated A MEL must be - Answer-Approved by the minister Carried on board Avgas 100LL has power output and is in colour - Answer-Medium, blue Only a/c over lbs and turbine powered require an MEL - Answer-12,500, turbine MEL is a list of items that are - Answer-Allowed to be inoperative Avgas 100/130 has power output and is in colour - Answer-Medium, green Avgas 80/87 has power output, and is in colour - Answer-Low, red Time of useful consciousness at altitude - Answer-20,000ft = 5 to 12 min 25,000ft = 2 to 3 min 30,000ft = 45 to 75 sec 40,000ft = 10 to 30 sec Jet fuel is comprised of and is in colour - Answer-Kerosine/diesel, clear/straw Hot start is when - Answer-Fuel is injected into the burner too early Mogas P87-90 is in colour - Answer-Green Hung start is when - Answer-Insufficient cooling going to the engine Mogas P84-87 is in colour - Answer-Undyed Rotation speed of a turbine engine is controlled by - Answer-Altering the fuel pressure, thus changing temp in combustion chamber FADEC (full authority digital engine control) - Answer-Computers that simultaneously control fuel injection, and ignition firing to establish desired spar, mixture, and engine temperatures (Warm/cold) temperatures are more favourable for the development of static electricity - Answer-Cold What does FADEC do well? - Answer-Enhances overall handling and simplifies a/c general operational reqs Effective propeller pitch is - Answer-The actual distance a prop moves in one revolution Are contaminants on the underside or the upper side of the wing more harmful? - Answer-Both are equally as harmful Fuel to air ratio is governed by - Answer-Weight What is the ratio for best power? - Answer-14 (parts air) : 1 (part fuel) Roughness of frost on a wing spoils the smooth airflow and stall speed while stall angle of attack - Answer-Increases, decreases In a free turbine engine the and are mechanically free from each other - Answer-Power turbine, compressor In a normally aspirated engine, as density altitude increases, power output - Answer-Decreases How long should pilots wait to fly after receiving local anesthetic? - Answer-24 hours Equilibrium in flight means - Answer-Steady motion, forces are equal When weight lift - Answer-Nose down When lift weight - Answer-Nose up The tachometer or RPM indicator is an instrument which shows the speed at which the is turning in revolutions per minute - Answer-Crankshaft In a turn, lower airspeed the turn radius - Answer-Decreases Define chord - Answer-Straight line joining the leading edge to the trailing edge of the wing Air time is - Answer-The period of time from when the plane leaves the surface, until next point of landing Flight time - Answer-Total time from the moment an airplane first moves under its own power until the moment of rest Fuel control units primary function is - Answer-To measure fuel to the engine in correct quantity to prevent either overheating or flameout Control horns provide - Answer-Dynamic control Servo tabs are designed to - Answer-Reduce pilot force needed on controls (deflects in opposite direction of elevator) Anti-Servo tabs are designed to - Answer-Increase pilot force needed on controls in instances where control forces are too light (deflects in same direction as elevator) Trim tabs are designed to - Answer-Balance control forces so pilot does not have to continuously apply a force Normally aspirated engine - Answer-Air is taken into the inlet manifold at atmospheric pressure and is not compressed further before routed to the cylinders The higher the manifold pressure, the engine power output will be - Answer-Higher A fuel's octane rating is a measure of its - Answer-Resistance to detonation Never use fuel with an octane rating than is specified for the engine - Answer- Lower If detonation is suspected, you should - Answer-Richen mixture, open cowl flaps, reduce power if possible Pre-ignition is when - Answer-The fuel-air mixture in an engine ignites prior to the designed ignition time What can cause pre-ignition? - Answer-Small accumulations of lead or carbon Pre-ignition can normally be solved by - Answer-Cleaning the spark plugs What happens to the centre of pressure as angle of attack is increased? - Answer- Centre of pressure will move forward When a wing stalls what happens to the center of pressure? - Answer-Will move rapidly backward How long does it take for your eyes to adjust to the dark? - Answer-30 minutes At night, hypoxia can be apparent at as low as ft - Answer-5,000 Hypoxia's effect on vision can be compounded by which bad habit? - Answer-Smoking (due to carbon monoxide) Low aspect ratio wings produce amounts of - Answer-Large, induced drag Induced drag decreases with increasing - Answer-TAS Flaps stalling speed - Answer-Decrease During a short-field takeoff, ground roll is - Answer-Reduced Steeper approaches ground roll - Answer-Reduce Flaps increase and of the wing - Answer-Drag, camber Ground effect is most noticeable in (low/high) wing planes with (high/low) aspect ratio - Answer-Low, high Dihedral is (upward/downward) angle of the wing - Answer-Upward Dihedral affects - Answer-Lateral stability Load factor in a turn: - Answer-0º = 1g 15º = 1.04g 30º = 1.15g 45º = 1.41g 60º = 2.0g 75º = 3.9g Stalling is dependent on only - Answer-Angle of attack Valve overlap - Answer-The period in which both inlet and exhaust valves are open Oil Viscosity, the higher the viscosity, the the rating - Answer-Higher In summer viscosity oil would be used, in winter viscosity oil would be used - Answer-High, low What is the purpose of winglets? - Answer-Reduce drag and turbulence at wingtip Winglets reduce drag significantly during - Answer-Climb, cruise, and high altitude The purpose of stall strips is to - Answer-Cause the wing root to stall before the wingtip With a variable pitch propeller, pitch is used for climb, pitch is used for cruise - Answer-Fine, coarse Does a pilot control prop pitch in a variable speed propeller? - Answer-No, the governor which is tied to RPM controls prop pitch A small aircraft is more economical at altitude due to - Answer-Decreased air density, resulting in reduced profile drag Angle of attack is defined as - Answer-The angle between the chord of the wing and the relative airflow What is a constant speed propeller? - Answer-A prop that automatically adjusts its pitch to maintain the same rotation speed during a climb, descent, or level flight