ANSC 333 exam 1 (2).

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ANSC 333 exam 1
three hormone classes - ANS-peptides
eicosanoids
steroids

examples of peptide hormones - ANS-GnRH
LH
FSH

examples of eicosanoid hormones - ANS-PGF2α

examples of steroid hormones - ANS-estrogen
testosterone
cortisol

P450 complex - ANS-subset of enzymes that produce steroids

endocrine - ANS-cell produces hormones that travels through the blood to act on target
tissue

target tissue - ANS-organs that respond to specific set of stimuli or hormone

examples of endocrine hormones - ANS-FSH
LH
progesterone
testosterone
estradiol

examples of neuroendocrine hormones - ANS-GnRH

neuroendocrine - ANS-neurons produce hormone that travels through blood to act on
target tissue

paracrine - ANS-cell produces hormone to act on adjacent tissue (no blood travel)

examples of paracrine hormones - ANS-estradiol
testosterone
PGF-2α

, autocrine - ANS-cell produces hormone to act locally on self

ligand - ANS-cell that binds to receptor

half-life - ANS-time required for one-half of a hormone to disappear from the blood/body

protein hormone signaling - ANS-"rapid"
1. bind plasma membrane receptor
2. activate adenylate cyclase
3. convert ATP to cAMP
4. cAMP activates protein kinase
5. synthesis of new products

steroid hormone signaling - ANS-"slow"
1. steroid transport through blood
2. movement through cell membrane and cytoplasm
3. steroid binds nuclear receptor
4. initiate mRNA and protein synthesis

negative feedback - ANS-increase A → decrease B

examples of negative feedback - ANS-progesterone → ↓ GnRH
testosterone → ↓ GnRH
inhibin → ↓ FSH

positive feedback - ANS-increase A → increase B

examples of positive feedback - ANS-estradiol → ↑ GnRH

agonist - ANS-analogs that bind specific receptor with high affinity and PROMOTE
greater physiological activity

antagonist - ANS-analogs that bind specific receptor with high affinity and INTERFERE
with physiological activity

sexual determination - ANS-early sexualizing that depends on the expression of genes
that program the formation of ovary or testis

heterogametic vs homogametic in mammals - ANS-male XY (hetero)

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Study: 333 - Exam 2
Uploaded on: June 2, 2024
Number of pages: 12
Written in: 2023/2024
Type: Exam (elaborations)
Contains: Questions & answers

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