OAE 004 EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Libido - Answer-represents psychic energy as well as sex drive The Freudian concept of psychic energy that drives individuals to experience sensual pleasure. Freud Developmental Stages - Answer-Oral Stage- Infancy Anal Stage- Toodlerhood Phallic Stage- preschoolers Latency Stage- elementary school ages Genital Stage- adolescence Erikson psychosocial stages - Answer-Basic trust vs. mistrust- infancy Autonomy vs. shame & doubt- toddlerhood Initiative vs. guilt- preschool ages Industry vs. inferiority- elementary Intimacy vs. isolation- young adulthood Generativity vs. stagnation- middle adulthood identity vs. role confusion- adolescence Behaviorist learning theories - Answer--believe that learning always results in some change in behavior - consequences either reward them, reinforcing/increasing their probable recurrence, or punish them -insist only externally observable, measurable behaviors can be changed Identity vs. Role Confusion - Answer-young people seek to form individual personal idenities and social relationships are the focus Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development - Answer-Sensorimotor-infants develop object permanence and intentional actions Preoperational- children centrate (classify by one property at a time)and think intuitively not logically Concrete Operational-elementary-age children newly develop logical thought (concrete and conservation thought) Formal Operational- adolscents, think logically, understand abstract ideas, perform mental operations without concrete support, and systematically test hypotheses Adolescent cognitive development of the brain - Answer-structural growth- improves self control, reasoning, decision making, and info processing emotion related amygdala matures earlier