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ATI Medical Surgery Exam Custom GI
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of
gastroesophageal disease (GERD). Which of the following foods should the nurse include
in the list of foods the client should avoid?
A. Oatmeal 4%
B. Non fat milk 0%
C. Chocolate 87% Most selected
D. Apples 8%
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
Oatmeal: Oatmeal is often considered a bland and low-acid food that can be soothing
for individuals with GERD. It's generally not a trigger for GERD symptoms and can be
included in the diet of someone with this condition.
Choice B:
Non-fat milk: Non-fat milk and other low-fat dairy products are often recommended for
individuals with GERD. However, individual tolerance varies, and some people might find
that milk triggers their symptoms. It's best for the patient to monitor their own reactions
to dairy products.
Choice C:
Chocolate: Chocolate is known to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing
stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. For many people with GERD, chocolate
can exacerbate symptoms and is typically advised to be avoided.
Choice D:
Apples: Apples are generally considered a safe and healthy food for individuals with
GERD. However, some people may find that raw apples trigger their symptoms due to
,their natural acidity. Cooking or baking apples can often make them more tolerable for
people with GERD.
A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who had surgery for a bowel
obstruction. The client has a nasogastric tube in place. Which of the following actions
should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
A. Perform leg exercises every 2 hr. 8%
B. irrigate the nasogastric tube every 4 to 8 hr. 0%
C. Maintain bed rest for 48 hr following surgery. 0%
D. Encourage hourly use of an incentive spirometer while awake. 16% Most selected
E. Document the color, consistency, and amount of nasogastric drainage. 4%
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
Perform leg exercises every 2 hr: Performing leg exercises every 2 hours is essential for
preventing blood clots and maintaining circulation in immobile patients. This is
especially important after surgery to prevent complications like deep vein thrombosis.
Choice B:
Irrigate the nasogastric tube every 4 to 8 hr: Irrigating the nasogastric tube is not a
standard nursing practice and should not be done without a physician's order. The
nasogastric tube is typically used for decompression, drainage, or feeding. If the tube
becomes clogged or there are concerns about drainage, the nurse should contact the
healthcare provider for further instructions.
Choice C:
Maintain bed rest for 48 hr following surgery: While some bed rest might be necessary
immediately after surgery, the goal is to encourage mobility as soon as possible to
prevent complications such as atelectasis and deep vein thrombosis. Patients are
usually encouraged to mobilize as soon as they are medically stable, often within hours
after surgery.
, Choice D:
Encourage hourly use of an incentive spirometer while awake: Using an incentive
spirometer helps prevent atelectasis and promotes lung expansion after surgery.
Encouraging the patient to use the incentive spirometer hourly while awake is a common
nursing intervention to maintain respiratory function postoperatively.
Choice E:
Document the color, consistency, and amount of nasogastric drainage: Documenting the
color, consistency, and amount of nasogastric drainage is crucial for monitoring the
patient's condition. Changes in these factors could indicate bleeding, infection, or other
complications, and timely documentation helps healthcare providers assess the
patient's status and make appropriate interventions.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has obstruction and inflammation of the
common bile duct due to cholelithiasis. Which of the following findings is expected for
this condition?
A. Ecchymosis of the extremities 0%
B. Tenderness in the left upper abdomen 41%
C. Straw-colored urine 0%
D. Fatty stools 58% Most selected
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
Ecchymosis of the extremities: Ecchymosis refers to the medical term for a bruise. It's
characterized by a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically
caused by trauma to the blood vessels. This is not directly related to cholelithiasis.
Choice B:
ATI Medical Surgery Exam Custom GI
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of
gastroesophageal disease (GERD). Which of the following foods should the nurse include
in the list of foods the client should avoid?
A. Oatmeal 4%
B. Non fat milk 0%
C. Chocolate 87% Most selected
D. Apples 8%
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
Oatmeal: Oatmeal is often considered a bland and low-acid food that can be soothing
for individuals with GERD. It's generally not a trigger for GERD symptoms and can be
included in the diet of someone with this condition.
Choice B:
Non-fat milk: Non-fat milk and other low-fat dairy products are often recommended for
individuals with GERD. However, individual tolerance varies, and some people might find
that milk triggers their symptoms. It's best for the patient to monitor their own reactions
to dairy products.
Choice C:
Chocolate: Chocolate is known to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing
stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. For many people with GERD, chocolate
can exacerbate symptoms and is typically advised to be avoided.
Choice D:
Apples: Apples are generally considered a safe and healthy food for individuals with
GERD. However, some people may find that raw apples trigger their symptoms due to
,their natural acidity. Cooking or baking apples can often make them more tolerable for
people with GERD.
A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who had surgery for a bowel
obstruction. The client has a nasogastric tube in place. Which of the following actions
should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
A. Perform leg exercises every 2 hr. 8%
B. irrigate the nasogastric tube every 4 to 8 hr. 0%
C. Maintain bed rest for 48 hr following surgery. 0%
D. Encourage hourly use of an incentive spirometer while awake. 16% Most selected
E. Document the color, consistency, and amount of nasogastric drainage. 4%
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
Perform leg exercises every 2 hr: Performing leg exercises every 2 hours is essential for
preventing blood clots and maintaining circulation in immobile patients. This is
especially important after surgery to prevent complications like deep vein thrombosis.
Choice B:
Irrigate the nasogastric tube every 4 to 8 hr: Irrigating the nasogastric tube is not a
standard nursing practice and should not be done without a physician's order. The
nasogastric tube is typically used for decompression, drainage, or feeding. If the tube
becomes clogged or there are concerns about drainage, the nurse should contact the
healthcare provider for further instructions.
Choice C:
Maintain bed rest for 48 hr following surgery: While some bed rest might be necessary
immediately after surgery, the goal is to encourage mobility as soon as possible to
prevent complications such as atelectasis and deep vein thrombosis. Patients are
usually encouraged to mobilize as soon as they are medically stable, often within hours
after surgery.
, Choice D:
Encourage hourly use of an incentive spirometer while awake: Using an incentive
spirometer helps prevent atelectasis and promotes lung expansion after surgery.
Encouraging the patient to use the incentive spirometer hourly while awake is a common
nursing intervention to maintain respiratory function postoperatively.
Choice E:
Document the color, consistency, and amount of nasogastric drainage: Documenting the
color, consistency, and amount of nasogastric drainage is crucial for monitoring the
patient's condition. Changes in these factors could indicate bleeding, infection, or other
complications, and timely documentation helps healthcare providers assess the
patient's status and make appropriate interventions.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has obstruction and inflammation of the
common bile duct due to cholelithiasis. Which of the following findings is expected for
this condition?
A. Ecchymosis of the extremities 0%
B. Tenderness in the left upper abdomen 41%
C. Straw-colored urine 0%
D. Fatty stools 58% Most selected
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
Ecchymosis of the extremities: Ecchymosis refers to the medical term for a bruise. It's
characterized by a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically
caused by trauma to the blood vessels. This is not directly related to cholelithiasis.
Choice B:
