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Ivytech Community College Med Surg Final Exam
A nurse is preparing to initiate intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy for a newly admitted
12-month-old infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
A. Use a 24-gauge catheter to start the IV. 56% Most selected
B. Start the IV in the infant's foot. 31%
C. Cover the insertion site with an opaque dressing. 6%
D. Change the IV site every 3 days. 6%
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
A 24-gauge catheter is appropriate for a small and fragile vein of a 12-month-old infant.
It minimizes the risk of damaging the vein and ensures the comfort of the infant during IV
therapy.
Choice B:
Starting an IV in the infant's foot is not the first choice due to the risk of movement
dislodging the catheter. The hand or the antecubital fossa are preferred sites for IV
insertion in infants.
Choice C:
While it is important to cover the IV insertion site, an opaque dressing is not necessary. A
transparent dressing is preferred as it allows for continuous visibility of the site for signs
of infection or phlebitis.
Choice D:
The IV site should not be routinely changed every 3 days. It should be changed based on
clinical indications such as signs of infection, infiltration, or phlebitis, or if the IV becomes
dislodged.
,The student nurse is preparing a presentation on parasitic skin infestations. What should
the student include in the presentation?
A. Rosacea 0%
B. Pediculosis corporis (lice) 33%
C. Sarcoptes scabiei (scabies) 66% Most selected
D. Furuncles 0%
E. Impetigo 0%
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
Rosacea is not a parasitic skin infestation, but a chronic inflammatory skin condition that
causes redness, flushing, and bumps on the face.
Choice B:
Pediculosis corporis is a parasitic skin infestation caused by body lice, but it is not the
only one. The question asks for what the student should include in the presentation, not
what is the most common or severe type of parasitic skin infestation.
Choice C:
Sarcoptes scabiei is a parasitic skin infestation caused by scabies mites, which burrow
into the skin and cause intense itching, rash, and secondary infections. This is a correct
choice to include in the presentation, as scabies is a common and contagious condition
that affects people of all ages and backgrounds.
Choice D:
Furuncles are not a parasitic skin infestation, but a bacterial infection of the hair follicles
that causes painful, pus-filled boils on the skin.
Choice E:
,Choice E reason: Impetigo is not a parasitic skin infestation, but a bacterial infection of
the skin that causes red, oozing, and crusted sores.
A nurse in a busy emergency department provides care for many clients who present
with contusions, strains, or sprains. Treatment modalities that are common to all of these
musculoskeletal injuries include which of the following?
A. Corticosteroids 11%
B. Resting the affected extremity 33%
C. Applying ice 44% Most selected
D. Massage 0%
E. Compression dressings 11%
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
Corticosteroids are not a common treatment modality for contusions, strains, or sprains.
They are anti-inflammatory drugs that may be used for chronic conditions such as
arthritis, asthma, or allergies, but they have side effects such as weakening the immune
system, increasing the risk of infection, and delaying wound healing.
Choice B:
Resting the affected extremity is a common treatment modality for contusions, strains, or
sprains. It helps to reduce pain, swelling, and inflammation, and to prevent further injury
or damage to the tissues.
Choice C:
Applying ice is a common treatment modality for contusions, strains, or sprains, but only
for the first 24 to 48 hours after the injury. It helps to reduce pain, swelling, and
inflammation by constricting the blood vessels and decreasing the blood flow to the
, injured area. After 48 hours, heat may be applied to increase the blood flow and promote
healing.
Choice D:
Massage is not a common treatment modality for contusions, strains, or sprains. It may
be beneficial for some chronic musculoskeletal conditions, but it should be avoided for
acute injuries as it may increase the pain, swelling, and inflammation by stimulating the
blood flow and aggravating the damaged tissues.
Choice E:
Choice E reason: Compression dressings are a common treatment modality for
contusions, strains, or sprains. They help to reduce pain, swelling, and inflammation by
applying pressure to the injured area and limiting the movement of the tissues. They also
provide support and stability to the affected extremity.
A nurse is caring for a 78-year-old obese client with a history of osteoarthritis. When
planning the client's care, what goals should the nurse include?
A. Pain management 28%
B. Improvement of joint mobility 57% Most selected
C. Client will recover from osteoarthritis within 6 months 0%
D. Weight loss promotion 14%
E. The client will deny symptoms of osteoarthritis 0%
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
Pain management is an important goal for a client with osteoarthritis, but it is not the
only one. The question asks for what goals the nurse should include, not what is the most
essential or urgent goal.
Ivytech Community College Med Surg Final Exam
A nurse is preparing to initiate intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy for a newly admitted
12-month-old infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
A. Use a 24-gauge catheter to start the IV. 56% Most selected
B. Start the IV in the infant's foot. 31%
C. Cover the insertion site with an opaque dressing. 6%
D. Change the IV site every 3 days. 6%
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
A 24-gauge catheter is appropriate for a small and fragile vein of a 12-month-old infant.
It minimizes the risk of damaging the vein and ensures the comfort of the infant during IV
therapy.
Choice B:
Starting an IV in the infant's foot is not the first choice due to the risk of movement
dislodging the catheter. The hand or the antecubital fossa are preferred sites for IV
insertion in infants.
Choice C:
While it is important to cover the IV insertion site, an opaque dressing is not necessary. A
transparent dressing is preferred as it allows for continuous visibility of the site for signs
of infection or phlebitis.
Choice D:
The IV site should not be routinely changed every 3 days. It should be changed based on
clinical indications such as signs of infection, infiltration, or phlebitis, or if the IV becomes
dislodged.
,The student nurse is preparing a presentation on parasitic skin infestations. What should
the student include in the presentation?
A. Rosacea 0%
B. Pediculosis corporis (lice) 33%
C. Sarcoptes scabiei (scabies) 66% Most selected
D. Furuncles 0%
E. Impetigo 0%
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
Rosacea is not a parasitic skin infestation, but a chronic inflammatory skin condition that
causes redness, flushing, and bumps on the face.
Choice B:
Pediculosis corporis is a parasitic skin infestation caused by body lice, but it is not the
only one. The question asks for what the student should include in the presentation, not
what is the most common or severe type of parasitic skin infestation.
Choice C:
Sarcoptes scabiei is a parasitic skin infestation caused by scabies mites, which burrow
into the skin and cause intense itching, rash, and secondary infections. This is a correct
choice to include in the presentation, as scabies is a common and contagious condition
that affects people of all ages and backgrounds.
Choice D:
Furuncles are not a parasitic skin infestation, but a bacterial infection of the hair follicles
that causes painful, pus-filled boils on the skin.
Choice E:
,Choice E reason: Impetigo is not a parasitic skin infestation, but a bacterial infection of
the skin that causes red, oozing, and crusted sores.
A nurse in a busy emergency department provides care for many clients who present
with contusions, strains, or sprains. Treatment modalities that are common to all of these
musculoskeletal injuries include which of the following?
A. Corticosteroids 11%
B. Resting the affected extremity 33%
C. Applying ice 44% Most selected
D. Massage 0%
E. Compression dressings 11%
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
Corticosteroids are not a common treatment modality for contusions, strains, or sprains.
They are anti-inflammatory drugs that may be used for chronic conditions such as
arthritis, asthma, or allergies, but they have side effects such as weakening the immune
system, increasing the risk of infection, and delaying wound healing.
Choice B:
Resting the affected extremity is a common treatment modality for contusions, strains, or
sprains. It helps to reduce pain, swelling, and inflammation, and to prevent further injury
or damage to the tissues.
Choice C:
Applying ice is a common treatment modality for contusions, strains, or sprains, but only
for the first 24 to 48 hours after the injury. It helps to reduce pain, swelling, and
inflammation by constricting the blood vessels and decreasing the blood flow to the
, injured area. After 48 hours, heat may be applied to increase the blood flow and promote
healing.
Choice D:
Massage is not a common treatment modality for contusions, strains, or sprains. It may
be beneficial for some chronic musculoskeletal conditions, but it should be avoided for
acute injuries as it may increase the pain, swelling, and inflammation by stimulating the
blood flow and aggravating the damaged tissues.
Choice E:
Choice E reason: Compression dressings are a common treatment modality for
contusions, strains, or sprains. They help to reduce pain, swelling, and inflammation by
applying pressure to the injured area and limiting the movement of the tissues. They also
provide support and stability to the affected extremity.
A nurse is caring for a 78-year-old obese client with a history of osteoarthritis. When
planning the client's care, what goals should the nurse include?
A. Pain management 28%
B. Improvement of joint mobility 57% Most selected
C. Client will recover from osteoarthritis within 6 months 0%
D. Weight loss promotion 14%
E. The client will deny symptoms of osteoarthritis 0%
Answer and Explanation
Choice A:
Pain management is an important goal for a client with osteoarthritis, but it is not the
only one. The question asks for what goals the nurse should include, not what is the most
essential or urgent goal.
