NUR 234 Exam 2 Questions And Answers With Verified Study Solutions

List signs of respiratory distress - Answer-Nasal flaring, chest retractions, grunting on exhalation, labored breathing, generalized cyanosis, flaccid body posture, abnormal breath sound, abnormal respiratory rates, abnormal heart rates, abnormal respiratory rates Describe normal stool characteristics, when does the baby pass meconium - Answer-Yellow-gold loose stool=breast fed, greenish black tarry stool=meconium which is passed 12-24 hrs after birth is sterile, seedy greenish brown stool=transitional stool, yellow green soft formed stool=newborn with formula Define cold stress and identify symptoms of cold stress - Answer-Excessive heat loss which requires a newborn to use compensatory mechanisms like non shivering thermogenesis/tachypnea to maintain core body temperature, baby can become less active, lethargic, hypotonic, weaker. The highest risk is within first 12 hrs. List ways neonates lose heat and interventions to prevent each type of heat loss - Answer-Conduction: transfer of heat from object to object Convection: flow of heat from body surface Evaporation: liquid is converted to vapor Radiation: loss of body heat to cooler, solid surfaces Prewarm blankets and hats, keep infant transporter charged and heated, dry newborn after birth, encourage skin to skin contact, use heated and humidified oxygen, and use radiant warmers Develop a teaching plan for crib safety at home and recommendation for feeding a neonate - AnswerWell fitting crib sheet, firm mattress, don't use larger sheets than the crib and keep the crib clear of stuffed animals and blankets Explain the pathophysiology of jaundice and treatment - Answer-Combination of increased bilirubin production secondary to accelerated destruction of erythrocytes, decreased excretory capacity secondary to low levels of lignin in hepatocytes and low activity of bilirubin conjugating enzyme -PhototherapyWhat does the ortolan maneuver assess for - Answer-Listen for sounds during this maneuver, there should be no "cluck" or "click" heard when the legs are abducted. Scubas a sound indicates the femoral head hitting the acetabulum as the head reenter, suggest hip dysplasia Cephalohematoma - Answer-Collection of blood between the periosteum and the bone that occurs several hours after birth. It does no cross suture lines and is generally reabsorbed over the next 6-8 weeks Molding - Answer-Changed shape of fetal skull at birth as a result of overlapping cranial bones Caput Succedaneum - Answer-Edema of the scalp at the presenting part. Swelling crosses sutures lines and disappears within 3 to 4 days Microcephaly - Answer-Head circumference should be approximately one fourth of newborn's length or hals the infant's body length plus 10 cm. Expected head circumference for a term infant is between 32- 37 cm Hydrrocephalus - Answer-Build up of fluid in the cavities deep within the brain Cranisynostosis - Answer-Birth defect which bones in a baby's skull join together to early List assessment findings in the neonate that would indicate hypoglycemia - Answer-Poor feedings, jitteriness, lethargy, high pitched or weak cry, apnea, cyanosis and seizures, hypotonia, apathy, pallor, sweating, tremors, drop in oxygen saturation How does the nurse facilitate bonding in the NICU? - Answer-Kangaroo care, swaddling with a blanket to maintain a flexed position, allowing parents, to visit in the NICU, and collaborating with parents List priority interventions when caring for an SGA baby - Answer-Decrease iatrogenic stimuli, provide small frequent feedings, provide garage feedings, provide neutral thermal environmentIdentify risk factors for a mother to give birth to a baby who is IGA - Answer-Gestational diabetes, maternal diabetes mellitus, glucose intolerance, multiparty, prior history of a macrocosmic infant, post dates gestation, maternal obesity, male fetus, genetics What assessment findings are present in babies born with fetal alcohol syndrome - AnswerMicrocephaly, small palpebral fissures, small eyes, fetal growth restriction, maxillary hyperplasia, epicentral folds, thin upper lip, short upturned nose, short birth length, low birth weight, joint/limb defects, congenital cardiac defects What are assessment findings exhibited by babies with NAS - Answer-wakefulness: sleep duration less than 3 hrs, irritability temperature variation, tachycardia, tremors hyperactivity, high pitched cry, hyperrelexia, hypertonus diarrhea, diaphoresis, disorganized suck respiratory distress, rub marks, rhinorrhea anemic attacks, autonomic dysfunction weight loss or failure to gain weight alkalosis lacrimation