Praxis 5411 Educational Leadership: Administration and Supervision Rated A+

Praxis 5411 Educational Leadership: Administration and Supervision Rated A+ Student Data Three types of student data: academic, nonacademic, and perceptual data Non-Academic Student Data Includes attendance and behavior referrals Perceptual Data Another important source of student data is from their own voices and perceptions. Shared Leadership Power shared is power gained. Decisions should be made by those most affected by outcome. Motivating a group Enable members to find meaning in accomplishing the task of the group and increase congruence between goals of the individual and group Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA, 1974) Allows students access to their school records, opportunity to seek or amend their own records Learning Paradigm (Barr and Tagg) The ultimate goal is a transition to learning-centered communities, which can be achieved with learning-centered technology Student Development Theory (Chickering) Chickering's Seven Vectors: theorize the "tasks" that students must go through while developing their identity--- Developing competence, emotions, interdependence, interpersonal relationships, identity, purpose, integrity Adjunct Faculty Due to the rise in for-profit educational institutions (Hentschke, Tierney, & Lechuga) Morrill Act (1862) Land Grant College Act signed by Lincoln, granted each state 30k acres of public land. Focused on practical professions such as agriculture and mechanical engineering, led to America's creation of vocational studies John Dewey () Regarded education in a democracy as a tool to integrate culture and vocation usefully. Radical reform of both pedagogical methods and curricula needed. Complete Act of Thought Method for Problem Soving. Students solve questions based on scientific interest, incorporates cooperative learning. Pragmatism, Progressivism, a Progressive Functionalist and Academic Scientism advocate Maria Montessori () Study of mentally deficient children led to focus on biological development. Children can sustain focus when interested, rewards and punishments are not required. Curriculum includes practical life, sensory stimulation, and formal skills. Rejects imagination stimulation by fairytales and prefers use of science Constructivist Theories of Learning Suggests that learners construct knowledge out of their experiences (learning by doing) Maslow's Hierarchy of Need (1948) 1. Physiological needs 2. Safety and securtiy 3. Belonging (love and social)