MPH Test Questions | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version

Which of the following types of bias is most commonly associated with a case-control study? - Recall bias A new non-invasive screening test is proposed that is claimed to be able to identify patients with impaired glucose tolerance based on a battery of questions related to health behaviors. The new test is given to 75 patients. Based on each patient's responses to the questions they are classified as positive or negative for impaired glucose tolerance. Each patient also submits a blood sample and their glucose tolerance status is determined. The results are tabulated below What is the sensitivity of the screening test? What is the false positive fraction of the screening test? - Sensitivity = #(true positives)/(#(true positives)+#(false negatives)) = 17/(17+8) = 17/25 = 0.68 Answer: 0.68 False positive fraction = #(false positives)/(#(false positives)+#(true negatives)) =13/(13+37) = 13/50 = 0.26 Answer: 0.26 A study is designed to evaluate the impact of a daily multivitamin on students' academic performance. One hundred sixty students are randomly assigned to receive either the multivitamin or a placebo and are instructed to take the assigned drug daily for 20 days. On day 20, each student takes a standardized exam and the mean exam scores are compared between groups. This study is an example of a - Randomized Control Trial When estimating sample size, it is not important for researchers to account for attrition or loss of participants during follow-up. - True Five hundred people are enrolled in a 10-year cohort study. At the start of the study, 50 have diagnosed CVD. Over the course of the study, 40 people who were free of CVD at baseline develop CVD. What is the cumulative incidence of CVD over 10 years? - A. Cumulative incidence of CVD over 10 years Cumulative incidence 40/450=.0888 x 100=8.9% B. The prevalence of CVD at base line