MN 551 Patho Unit 1 – 9 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Version 2024 | Verified

The family of a 68-year-old man who is in the end stages of small cell lung cancer is distraught at his visible body wasting that has worsened in recent weeks. Which of the following phenomena best accounts for the patient's anorexia and cachexia? - Products of the tumor itself as well as a hypermetabolic state cause cachexia A child possesses a trait that is the result of the interaction of two different genes, neither of which could have produced the trait independently. Which of the following explanations best captures the genetic explanation for this? - The outcome is the result of the interaction between collaborative genes. A 45-year-old patient who experienced exposure to radiation during an industrial accident several years prior is being assessed. Which of the following phenomena may underlie the genetic changes that have been noted in the patient? - Base pairs may have been rearranged by the radiation exposure. Which of the following pregnant women has most likely encountered the greatest increase in the risk that her child will have a fetal anomaly? - A woman who has herpes simplex and recently recovered from endocarditis The nurse practitioner is providing care for a patient with a diagnosis of cirrhosis, and he notes that the patient's sclerae are jaundiced. The nurse practitioner recalls that jaundice is caused by excess accumulation of bilirubin, a pigment that can accumulate in which part of the cell? - Cytoplasm A patient who has a diagnosis of lung cancer is scheduled to begin radiation treatment. The NP providing pretreatment education is explaining some of the potential unwanted effects of the treatment. Which of the following statements by the nurse is most accurate? - "Some patients experience longer-term irritation of skin adjacent to the treatment site." A male patient of a nurse practitioner has an autosomal dominant disorder. The patient and his partner are considering starting a family. Which of the patient's following statements indicates the patient has an adequate understanding of the genetic basis of this health problem? - "I know that a single mutant allele is to blame for the health problem."A group of researchers has identified that the prevalence of two particular genetic disorders share a statistical correlation. Which of the following statements best conveys the genetic rationale for this situation? - The genes causing each disorder are likely in the same section of the same chromosome. The NP is working with a family whose daughter has been recently diagnosed with the chromosomal disorder Turner syndrome. The NP would recognize that which of the following statements about the characteristics of human chromosomes is accurate? - Autosomes contain the determination of an individual's sex. The NP is teaching a group of older adults about the value of including foods containing antioxidants in their diet. Which of the following statements best captures the rationale underlying the NPs advice? - Antioxidants inhibit the actions of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Which target of both chemotherapy and radiation treatment accounts for adverse as well as therapeutic effects? - Rapidly proliferating cells Which of the following patients of a primary care nurse practitioner would not require extra screening for cancer? - A 38-year-old female with Down syndrome and congenital scoliosis A 7-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of lead toxicity. Which of the following assessment findings is most congruent with the patient's diagnosis? hi - Hemoglobin 9.9 g/dL The NP is providing care for a 21-year-old female patient with gas gangrene of a compound fracture in her arm. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse most reasonably expect to find when caring for a patient with a diagnosis of gas gangrene? - Spreading edema A community health nurse practitioner is teaching a group of female high school students about the importance of regular Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. The nurse recognizes that which of the following items underlies the rationale for this teaching? - Cancer of the uterine cervix develops incrementally at a cellular level.Which of the following statements most accurately conveys an aspect of cell injury due to impaired calcium homeostasis? - Injured cells tend to accumulate calcium. A woman is surprised to read on the Internet that certain infections can cause cancer and has sought clarification from her nurse practitioner during an office visit. How can the NP best respond to the woman's query? - "There are many viruses, but only a very few of them have been shown to cause cancer in humans." The nurse practitioner working in occupational health has been asked to speak to a group of factory workers about the importance of wearing gloves when working with strong chemicals such as turpentine and paint thinner. Which of the following characteristics of cell membranes underlies the nurse's teaching? - Cell membranes are impermeable to all but lipid-soluble substances. A 6-year-old girl with a diagnosis of Marfan syndrome is being assessed at a community health clinic. Which of the following assessments would be the health care professional's lowest priority? - Tests of kidney function A nurse practitioner employed in a hospitalist notices that a patient is experiencing muscle atrophy following 2 weeks in traction after a motor vehicle accident. Which of the following factors has most likely contributed to the atrophy of the patient's muscle cells? - A reduction of skeletal muscle use secondary to the traction treatment A nurse practitioner is educating a patient with a recent diagnosis of diabetes about the roles that glucose and insulin play in the disease pathology and the fact that glucose must enter the cell in order to provide energy for the patient. The nurse practitioner knows that which of the following processes allows glucose to enter body cells - Facilitated diffusion A researcher is involved in the production of insulin through recombinant DNA technology. Which of the following statements could the researcher best provide as a rationale for her work? - The gene fragment responsible for insulin production can be isolated and reproduced. A student nurse practitioner asks her preceptor about the origins of different tissues, and their cellular origins during the process of development. Which of the following statements by the preceptor best describes the process of cell differentiation? - "A fertilized ovum undergoes a series of divisions, yielding many different cell typ