CIBTAC AND CIDESCO Exam Questions with complete solutions Latest 2024/2025 (Verified)

CIBTAC AND CIDESCO Exam Questions with complete solutions Latest 2024/2025 (Verified) Local Infection CORRECT ANSWERS: An infection that is confined to one area e.g. pimple or boil General Infection CORRECT ANSWERS: An infection that has spread to all parts of the body e.g. blood poisoning Cross Infection CORRECT ANSWERS: The transfer of infection from one individual to another by direct contact or shared utensils (indirect) Immunity CORRECT ANSWERS: Protection against certain types of invading bacteria or toxic substances once they have entered the body. It involves the ability to recognise, memorise and respond. It can be inborn or acquired. Natural Immunity CORRECT ANSWERS: Natural exposure to disease forming organisms that the body fights off and produces antibodies to prevent reinfection. Artificial Immunity CORRECT ANSWERS: Deliberate exposure through vaccination. Antibodies are formed and immunity is built up. Toxin CORRECT ANSWERS: Poison consisting of complex chemical substances that enter the blood stream or skin tissue. Pus CORRECT ANSWERS: Yellowish fluid that oozes from a wound. CIBTAC AND CIDESCO Exam Questions with complete solutions Latest 2024/2025 (Verified) It contains blood and body cells and dead/living bacteria. Aerobic Bacteria CORRECT ANSWERS: Needs oxygen to survive. Anaerobic Bacteria CORRECT ANSWERS: Does not need oxygen to survive. Filterable Viruses CORRECT ANSWERS: So small, they can pass through pores of porcelain filters. Hygiene CORRECT ANSWERS: Principles of maintaining health. Sterilisation CORRECT ANSWERS: Process of making an object germ free. - Killing. Sterile CORRECT ANSWERS: Free from all micro organisms. Sterilise CORRECT ANSWERS: Act of making an object germ free. Sanitation CORRECT ANSWERS: Measures carried to promote public health and prevent spread of infection. - Prevents Growth. Sanitise CORRECT ANSWERS: To render object clean and sanitary. Asepsis/Aseptic CORRECT ANSWERS: Condition of being free of all pathogenic bacteria. Sepsis/Septic CORRECT ANSWERS: Condition of being infected by pathogenic bacteria. Antiseptic CORRECT ANSWERS: Chemical agent that may destroy or retard growth of bacteria. Not as strong as disinfectant and can be used on the skin. Disinfectant CORRECT ANSWERS: Chemical agent that has the power to destroy bacteria. Not generally used on the skin. Disinfect CORRECT ANSWERS: Destroy bacteria on any object. Fumigant CORRECT ANSWERS: Vapour used to keep sterile objects sanitary, in a container or drawer. Bactericide/germicide CORRECT ANSWERS: Chemical agent having the power to destroy bacteria/germs. Contagious CORRECT ANSWERS: When a disease is transmitted by direct or indirect contact. Wet Sanitiser CORRECT ANSWERS: Where objects are completely immersed in a disinfectant. Before use objects must be washed thoroughly with hot water and detergent then rinsed. Once removed from a sanitiser they must be rinsed and placed in dry cabinet sanitiser. Dry Sanitiser CORRECT ANSWERS: Airtight cabinets containing fumigant or UV radiation, objects must be clean before use. Antiseptic Ingredients CORRECT ANSWERS: Alcohol Boric Acid Iodine Hydrogen Peroxide Disinfectant Ingredients CORRECT ANSWERS: QUATS (Quaternary ammonium compounds). Formalin. Formaldehyde. Alcohol. Sodium Hypo-Chlorite. Properties Of A Good Disinfectant CORRECT ANSWERS: Convenient to prepare. Quick acting. Practically odourless. Non corrosive. Economical. Non irritating to the skin. Precautions For Using Antiseptics And Disinfectants CORRECT ANSWERS: Wear rubber gloves. Keep containers properly labelled. Do not breathe in fumes. Keep containers sealed and in a safe place. Avoid spillages. Air Ventilation CORRECT ANSWERS: Air should not be dry or stagnant, or have a stale or musty odour. Room temperatures should be around 26 degrees and must be ventilated. Avoid the spread of aids by: CORRECT ANSWERS: Wearing gloves in any procedures that involve blood e.g. waxing. Moist/wet heat sterilisation CORRECT ANSWERS: BOILING: boiling at 100 degrees for 20 minutes. STEAMING (AUTOCLAVE): steam pressure at 120-130 degrees for 20 minutes. Dry heat sterilisation CORRECT ANSWERS: BAKING: 149 degrees for 1 hour (often used in hospitals) BEAD: glass beads 250-260 degrees for a minimum of 30 seconds. Gamma Ray Radiation CORRECT ANSWERS: Destroys micro organisms through action of ionised particles (not suited for salon use, mostly for the medical field). First Level of Sanitation CORRECT ANSWERS: Equipment that does not pierce the skin: 1. wash in warm soapy water 2. rinse 3. dry 4. wipe with metho 5. place in sanitising cabinet until use Second Level of Sanitation CORRECT ANSWERS: Equipment in contact with mucous membranes and pierce the skin: 1. rinse in COLD (prevents coagulation) soapy water 2. wash in warm soapy water 3. rinse 4. dry 5. immerse in disinfectant for 10 minutes 6. rinse, dry and place in sanitising cabinet until use Third Level of Sanitation CORRECT ANSWERS: Heat (moist or dry) and Radiation. Bacteria CORRECT ANSWERS: One celled living organisms, reproduce through amitosis. Not visible to the naked eye. -Pathogenic (disease forming) -Non-pathogenic (good bacteria) Ideal temperature is 37 degrees in warm, dark and moist environments. Active Bacteria CORRECT ANSWERS: Full growth in 20-30 minutes Inactive Bacteria CORRECT ANSWERS: Unable to grow and reproduce when exposed to too much light, heat, lack of food or moisture. Spores CORRECT ANSWERS: Hard shell like covering that bacteria forms while environment is unfavourable and allows bacteria to survive during that period. Bacteria cannot cause disease while in spore. Once conditions become favourable, the spores drop. Cocci CORRECT ANSWERS: Round berry shaped bacteria, are not able to move in liquid. Can occur singularly or in groups. 3 main types: streptococci, staphlococci and diplococci. Streptococci CORRECT ANSWERS: Form in chains, commonly found in respiratory tract and intestines. Can cause blood poisoning, scarlet fever. Staphylococci CORRECT ANSWERS: Form in bunches or clusters, amongst the strongest of non-spore forming bacteria. Responsible for many skin disorders e.g. carbuncles, faruncles, food poisonng and abcesses. Diplococci CORRECT ANSWERS: Grow in pairs causes measles and influenza. Classifications of bacteria CORRECT ANSWERS: Cocci Bacilli Spirilla Bacilli CORRECT ANSWERS: Rod shaped, can occur singularly or in groups. Can cause tetanus, typhoid fever. Spirilla CORRECT ANSWERS: Corkscrew shaped and can cause syphilis. Viruses CORRECT ANSWERS: Parasite consisting of DNA coil surrounded by a protein sheath. They are so small they can pass through a porcelain filter. All are pathogenic and do not respond to antibiotics How do Viruses Reproduce CORRECT ANSWERS: Virus attaches itself to host cell. Virus injects DNA into cell. The cells metabolism reproduces according to DNA. The virus then destroys host cell by releasing 100-200 new viruses. How Bacteria enters the Body CORRECT ANSWERS: Mouth: air, drinking, eating. Nose: air, water. Eyes: dirt. Ears: dirt, water. Breaks or cuts in skin. Infected blood passing into bloodstream. Exchange of bodily fluids. Bodys Defence CORRECT ANSWERS: Tears from eyes. White blood cells. Saliva from mouth. Acid from stomach. Antitoxins. Bleeding. Mucous hairs in nose. Rising of body temperature. How Bacteria is Transmitted CORRECT ANSWERS: Unclean hands. Unclean instruments. Sores and pus. Mouth and nose discharge. Shared use of items. Endogenous infection CORRECT ANSWERS: Reactivation of organisms present in a dormant state e.g. tuberculosis. Exogenous infection CORRECT ANSWERS: Caused by organisms not normally present in the body but have gained entry by the environment. Fungi CORRECT ANSWERS: Plant like organisms moulds (multicellular) and yeasts (unicellular) that produce spores secrete digestive enzymes and absorb nutrients from their host which damages tissues of the body. Parasites CORRECT ANSWERS: Organism that lives in or on a host to absorb nutrients. They damage body cells and leave toxic waste e.g. lice, scabies. Hepatitis CORRECT ANSWERS: Inflammation of the liver. Hepatitis A CORRECT ANSWERS: Comes from faeces to oral transmission, does not cause chronic infection and have vaccination. Most recover completely symptoms include vomiting and nausea. Hepatitis B CORRECT ANSWERS: From blood and bodily fluids, can cause chronic infection but can be vaccinated. Hepatitis C CORRECT ANSWERS: From blood and bodily fluids, can cause chronic infection and life long management. Hepatitis D CORRECT ANSWERS: Blood and bodily fluids, can cause chronic infection and life long management. AIDS CORRECT ANSWERS: Last stage of hepatitis infection can can cause death. Personal hygiene CORRECT ANSWERS: Shower daily. Use good deoderant. Use mild perfume. Have clean hair tied back. Have short, clean, manicured nails. Light, fresh makeup. No jewellery. Clean uniform. Cover cuts. Salon Hygiene CORRECT ANSWERS: Use disposables. Keep surfaces clean. Clean equipment. Disinfect telephone. Sweep/vacuum/mop daily. Use clean towel and wrap for each client. Cover rubbish bins. Decant products. Chemical Composition of the Nail CORRECT ANSWERS: 51.09% Carbon 6.82% Hydrogen 22.39% Oxygen 16.9% Nitrogen 2.8% Sulphur Technical Term for Nail CORRECT ANSWERS: Onyx. Nail Plate CORRECT ANSWERS: Hard keratin substance which rests on nail bed and extends from the nail root to free edge.