Medical/AMLS Final review Exam With Complete Solutions!!

Headache, nuchal rigidity, fever/chills and photophobia is a classic sign of: - ANSWER-Meningitis Patients who have headache and fever should be assessed for: (which sign(s)?) - ANSWER-Kernig's (pain when extension of knee at sitting position; 'K' in Kernigs and knee) and Brudzinsky's signs (involuntary flexing of legs when flexing neck). Positive tests would indicate meningitis. Fluid shifting in lungs is: - ANSWER-ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrom); occurs during shock or can also happen because of pneumonia, aspiration, pancreatitis or drug overdose. High mortality Epiglottitis VS Croup VS Meningitis - ANSWER-Epiglottis: High grade fever (102*F), Sore throat, Drooling, Leaning forward Croup: Seal bark cough at night, Low grade fever(102*F), Stridor Meningitis: Stiff neck, fever/chills, photophobia, Fever with seizures. Dental pain, fever, dysphagia and possible firm red pronounced swelling around throat: - ANSWER-Ludwig's Angina Activation of the RAA Pathway is caused by: - ANSWER-Dehydration, Drop in Na, or Hemorrhage (which all, essentially, can lead to shock) With regards to RAA: When a drop in BP is sensed by kidneys, they will release ________ which will - ANSWER-Renin(think "RENal"/"RENin"; will combine with angiotensinogen (in blood) to make Angiotensin I. There's an enzyme in your lungs called ACE which stands for ________. As Angiotensin-1 is carried from your blood stream to your lungs, it combines with ACE and becomes _________. - ANSWER-Angiotensin Converting Enzyme; Angiotensin-2. Angiotensin-2 specifically activates the ________________ to secrete _______________ - ANSWER-adrenal cortex; aldosterone