Psych 240 Exam 3 Questions & Answers Already Graded A+

Properties of Language (3) - (mostly) arbitrary - Kiki vs. bouba symbolic generative Language Levels - phonemes, morphemes, words, phrases, sentences Syntax - rules that determine word order Lexical ambiguity - word has two different meanings: "He was bothered by the cold" Syntactic ambiguity - words can be grouped together into more than one phrase structure "I saw the gorilla in my pajamas" McGurk Effect - Hear different things based on visual stimuli evidence for: the phoneme you hear depends on visual input Language Processing - hear sound - identify phoneme from sounds - identify morphemes/words from phonemes - lexical access - put words into phrases - compute meaning of sentence based on words/phrase structure - figure out how sentence fits into context of overall convo N400 - Peak at 400ms after target word (unexpected word) -- negative voltage predictable vs. unpredictable words not based on semantic - "All swallows are not birds" -- no N400 ERP technique - negative voltages are plotted up take average of brain pulsesattach electrodes to scalp and record brain activity. time lock EEG signal (bunch of trials, at the start of each trial, that's time 0 - do a thousand trials - average them to eliminate random noise) Cloze probability - how often does the final word finish that particular sentence the lower it is, the more processing is needed Lexical Access (context effects & swinney priming) - Probe right after target word, priming of all meanings. Probe afterwards, priming of single meaning. First get all word meanings from lexicon, context operates later) Semantic and Syntactic processing during comprehension (passive vs. active) - Active is preferred - faster processed, only if the passive is semantically reversible Broca's Aphasia (symptoms, pathway) - Difficulty with language production slow, halting speech lack of function words (be, of, the) uses content morphemes (table, chair, etc) comprehension intact