Chapter 7 PNS Anatomy Test with correct answers 2024

The peripheral nervous system consists of - answer-the spinal and cranial nerves The substance that is released at axonal endings to propagate a nervous impulse is called: - answer-neurotransmitter Muscles and glands are: - answer-effectors Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in: - answer-the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord Which one of the following is the correct sequence of nerves that exit the spinal cord, going from superior to inferior: - answer-cervical spinal nerves, thoracie spinal nerves, lumbar spinal nerves, sacral spinal nerves Which one of the following is the correct sequence in connective tissue sheaths, going from outermost to innermost layer: - answer-epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium Afferent nerves are called_______________ and motor nerves are called_____________ - answer-sensory nerves; efferent nerves The function of the olfactory nerve concerns: - answer-smell The nerve that contains sensory fibers that are involved in hearing is: - answer-cranial nerve VIII Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the: - answer-sacral plexus Which of the nerve plexuses serves the shoulder and arm: - answer-brachial The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the: - answer-autonomic nervous system p In contrast to the somatic nervous system, the autonomic nervous system: - answer-has two motor neurons Which one of these effectors is NOT directlv controlled by the autonomic nervous system - answer-skeletal muscle Preparing the body for the "fight-or-flight" response during threatening situations is the role of the: - answer-sympathetic nervous system Which of the following effects is characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system: - answer-decreases heart rate The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially opposite of the: - answer-parasympathetic nervous system Sympathetic division fibers leave the spinal cord in the: - answer-thoracolumbar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine Sympathetic nervous system stimulation causes: - answer-Dincreased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure Which one of the following statements about aging is most accurate - answer-Despite some neuronal loss, an unlimited number of neural pathways are abailable and ready to be developed; therefore, additional learning can occur throughout life T or F: Cell bodies of sensory neurons are always Jocated in ganglia lying outside the central nervous system - answer-True T or F: An afferent sensory neuron carries stimuli from the central nervous system to the effector - answer-False T or F: The collection of spinal nerves at the inferior end of the spinal cord is called the cauda equina. - answer-True There is no possibility of damaging the spinal cord below the third lumbar vertebra. - answer-True T or F: Cranial nerve XI is the accessory nerve that controls tongue movement. - answer-False T or F: There are 31 pairs of cranial nerves and 12 pairs of spinal nerves. - answer-False Sympathetic postganglionic fibers release norepinephrine and the preganglionic axon releases acetyocholine. - answer-True neurons in the gray matter of the spinal cord. In contrast to the parasympathetic division, the sympathetic division has numerous ganglionic - answer-False Most body organs are innervated by only the sympathetic division of the nervous system. - answer-False Neurons in adults do not undergo mitosis. - answer-True Cranial nerve IV - answer-Trochlear Cranial nerve II - answer-Optic Cranial nerve IX - answer-Glossopharyngeal Promotes digestive activity and regulates heart activity - answer-Vagus Cranial nerve VII - answer-Facial A gradual hardening of the arteries causing decreased oxygen levels in brain - answer-Arteriosclerosis Low blood pressure causing blood pooling in aging adults - answer-Orthostatic hypotension Temporary lack of oxygen during childbirth leading to mental retardation - answer-Cerebral palsy The result of a gradual decrease in oxygen levels in the brain as we age - answer-Senility Failure of the cerebrum to develop - answer-Anencephaly