Anatomy Exam 4 Nervous System with 100% correct answers 2024

The dorsal root ganglia mainly contain a. axons of motor neurons b. axons of sensory neurons c. cell bodies of motor neurons d. cell bodies of sensory neurons e. synapses - answer-d. cell bodies of sensory neurons Enlargements of the spinal cord occurs a. near the posterior median sulcus b. adjacent to the anterior median fissure c. in those spinal segments that control the limbs d. in the thoracic region e. in the sacral region - answer-c. in those spinal segments that control the limbs The tough, fibrous, outermost covering of the spinal cord is the a. arachnoid b. pia mater c. dura mater d. epidural block e. periosteum - answer-c. dura mater What is the function of the structure labeled "12" - answer-b. somatic sensory receiving Where do somatic motor neurons reside? - answer-e. 15 Spinal nerves from the sacral region of the cord innervate the ________ muscles. a. shoulder b. intercostal c. abdominal d. leg e. facial - answer-d. leg Each peripheral nerve provides ______ innervation to peripheral structures. a. motor b. sensory c. motor AND sensory d. motor OR sensory - answer-c. motor AND sensory The dorsal root of a spinal nerve contains a. axons b. axons of sensory neurons c. cell bodies of motor neurons d. cell bodies of sensory neurons e. interneurons - answer-b. axons of sensory neurons The ______ nerve, which arises in the cervical plexus, innervates the diaphragm. a. ansa of motor neurons b. lesser occipital c. radial d. phrenic e. sciatic - answer-d. phrenic In which plexus does the ulnar nerve arise? a. cranial b. cervical c. brachial d. lumbar e. sacral - answer-c. brachial All of the following are true of neural reflexes, except that they a. are autonomic motor responses b. are the simplest form of behavior c. help preserve homeostasis d. cannot be modified by the brain e. involve at least two neurons - answer-d. cannot be modified by the brain The reflex that prevents a muscles from exerting too much tension is the _____ reflex. a. tendon b. stretch c. flexor d. crossed extensor e. reciprocal - answer-a. tendon Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the a. medulla oblongata b. pons c. midbrain d. thalamus e. cerebellum - answer-d. thalamus What contains a spiderweb-like net work of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows? a. subdural space b. dural sinus c. falx sinus d. subarachnoid space e. pia mater - answer-d. subarachnoid space The ______ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems. a. cerebellum b. medulla oblongata c. cerebrum d. pons e. hypothalamus - answer-e. hypothalamus The _____ filters and relays sensory info to the cerebral cortex. a. cerebrum b. thalamus c. pons d. medulla oblongata e. cerebellum - answer-b. thalamus Sensory innervation of the lower teeth and gums is by the ______ nerve. a. ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal b. maxillary branch of the trigeminal c. mandibular branch of the trigeminal d. glossopharyngeal e. hypoglossal - answer-c. mandibular branch of the trigeminal Damage to the _____ nerve would result in near paralysis of the eye. a. optic b. oculomotor c. trochlear d. olfactory e. abducens - answer-a. optic Which of the cranial nerves is named for the fact that it "wanders," that is, innervate structures throughout the thorax and abdomen? a. VIII Vestibulocochlear b. IX Glossopharyngeal c. X Vagus d. XI Accessory e. XII Hypoglossal - answer-b. IX Glossopharyngeal The cells that cover the outer surface of CNS capillaries cells are the a. blastocytes b. astrocytes c. monocytes d. leukocytes e. lymphocytes - answer-c. monocytes What contains a spider web like network of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows? a. subdural space b. dural sinus c. falx sinus d. subarachnoid space e. pia mater - answer-d. subarachnoid space The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the a. cerebrum b. cerebellum c. diencephalon d. heart e. medulla oblongata - answer-e. medulla oblongata Overseeing the postural muscles of the body and making rapid adjustments to maintain balance and equilibrium are functions of the a. cerebrum b. midbrain c. cerebellum d. pons e. medulla oblongata - answer-c. cerebellum Stimulation of the reticular formation results in a. increased consciousness b. sleep c. coma d. decreased cerebral function e. all of the above - answer-a. increased consciousness The ______ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine system. a. cerebellum b. medulla oblongata c. cerebrum d. pons e. hypothalamus - answer-e. hypothalamus Joe begins to experience mood swings and disturbed thirst and hunger. Imaging studies indicate that a brain tumor is the likely cause of these disorders. In what part of the brain is the tumor most likely located? a. prefrontal cortex b. postcentral gyrus c. basal nuclei d. hypothalamus e. reticular formation - answer-d. hypothalamus The cerebral area posterior to the central sulcus is the a. parietal lobe b. temporal lobe c. frontal lobe d. occipital lobe e. insula - answer-a. parietal lobe Tracy suffers from dissociation of memories from their emotional content as the result of an automobile accident. What system of the brain is probably damaged? a. prefrontal lobe b. general interpretive area c. limbic system d. thalamus e. putamen - answer-c. limbic system Divisions of the cerebral hemispheres that are named after overlying skull bones are a. fissures b. sinuses c. lobes. d. sulci e. gyri - answer-c. lobes. The primary motor cortex is the surface of the a. insula b. precentral gyrus c. postcentral gyrus d. arcuate gyrus e. corpus callosum - answer-b. precentral gyrus The auditory cortex is located in the a. frontal lobe b. parietal lobe c. temporal lobe d. occipital lobe e. insula - answer-c. temporal lobe A person with a damaged visual association area may be a. unable to see rows of letters b. declared legally blind c. unable to recognize letters but able to identify whole words and their meanings d. able to see letters but unable to associate them into words e. unable to understand spoken words - answer-d. able to see letters but unable to associate them into words After suffering a stroke, Mary finds that she cannot move her left arm. This would suggest that the stroke damage is in the area of the _____ lobe. a. right frontal b. left frontal c. right temporal d. left temporal e. occipital - answer-a. right frontal The corpus callosum is composed of a. arcuate fibers b. longitudinal fasciculi c. association fibers d. commissural fibers e. projection fibers - answer-d. commissural fibers A(n) _______ is a printed record of the brain's electrical activity over a period of time. a. electrocardiogram b. electroencephalogram c. x-ray d. MRI e. CT scan - answer-b. electroencephalogram Only about _____ percent of the info provided by sensory fibers reaches the cerebral cortex and out awareness. a. 1 b. 10 c. 25 d. 50 e. 95 - answer-a. 1 Which structure conducts action potentials directly from a sensory receptor? - answer-a. 1 Identify the structure labeled "5" - answer-d. Thalamus Where would you NOT find a cholinergeric nicotinic receptor? a. all postganglionic neurons b. all parasympatheic target organs c. adrenal medulla hormone producing cells d. sarcolemma of skeletal muscles cells at neuromuscular junctions - answer-b. all parasympatheic target organs Which of the following is NOT a plexus of the vagus (X) nerve? a. cardiac b. pulmonary c. inferior hypogastric d. esophageal - answer-c. inferior hypogastric Which of the following adrenergic neurotransmitter receptors pays the major role in the heart activity? a. beta 1 b. beta 2 c. beta 3 d. alpha 1 - answer-a. beta 1 A visceral motor neuron whose cell body is within the CNS is called a(n) -_________ neuron. a. upper motor b. lower motor c. preganglionic d. postganglionic e. somatomotor - answer-c. preganglionic Which neurotransmitter is released at the sympathetic chain ganglia? a. norepinephrine b. dopamine c. acetylecholine d. endorphin e. any of the above - answer-c. acetylecholine The statement "It's postganglionic axons always use ACh as the NTM" is a. true only for SNS b. true only for SNS and PNS c. not true for either SNS and PNS d. true only for the Somatic NS e. true for only the PNS - answer-e. true for only the PNS Muscarinic receptors a. are activated by acetylcholine b. are found mostly in autonomic ganglia c. always produce an excitatory response d. control Na channels in the affected membrane e. blocked by norepinephrine - answer-a. are activated by acetylcholine A neuron with nicotine receptors is exposed to ACh. This will lead to a. activation of chemically gated ion channels b. excitation of the neuron c. entry of Na ion d. all of the above e. none - answer-d. all of the above Each of the following effects is associated with the action of postganglionic sympathetic fibers, except a. increased sweat secretion b. reduced circulation to the skin c. decreased heart rate d. dilation of the pupils e. increased blood flow to the skeletal muscles - answer-c. decreased heart rate The parasympathetic nervous system is especially active during which physiological state (s)? a. physical exertion b. trauma c. digestion d. stress e. all of the above - answer-c. digestion Which of the following would lead to increased heart rate? a. increase sympathetic input b. decreased sympathetic input c. increased parasympathetic input d. decreased parasympathetic input e. both increased sympathetic input and decreased parasympathetics input - answer-e. both increased sympathetic input and decreased parasympathetics input Thoracolumbar division is another name for the a. sympathetic division of the ANS b. parasympathetic division of the ANS c. resting and digesting division - answer-a. sympathetic division of the ANS