MDC EXAM 2 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Question: A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted with an acute exacerbation. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
A) Administering high-flow oxygen via non-rebreather mask.
B) Encouraging the patient to perform pursed-lip breathing.
C) Restricting fluids to prevent fluid overload.
D) Providing high-protein, high-calorie snacks.
Answer: B) Encouraging the patient to perform pursed-lip breathing.
Question: A patient presents with signs of heart failure, including dyspnea, fatigue, and peripheral edema. Which diagnostic test is most indicative of heart failure?
A) Serum potassium levels.
B) Chest X-ray.
C) Echocardiogram.
D) Arterial blood gases (ABG).
Answer: C) Echocardiogram. Question: A nurse is caring for a patient receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer. The patient reports severe nausea and vomiting. Which medication is most appropriate for managing these symptoms?
A) Ondansetron (Zofran).
B) Metoclopramide (Reglan).
C) Promethazine (Phenergan).
D) Lorazepam (Ativan).
Answer: A) Ondansetron (Zofran).
Question: Which intervention should be implemented first for a patient who has had a stroke and is experiencing expressive aphasia?
A) Encourage the patient to speak slowly and clearly.
B) Establish a reliable communication method, such as a communication board.
C) Provide written materials for the patient to read.
D) Refer the patient to a speech therapist.
Answer: B) Establish a reliable communication method, such as a communication board.
Question: A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a patient with a history of seizures. Which of the following medications is considered a first-line treatment for status epilepticus? A) Phenytoin (Dilantin).
B) Valproic acid (Depakote).
C) Lorazepam (Ativan).
D) Levetiracetam (Keppra).
Answer: C) Lorazepam (Ativan).
Question: A patient with suspected sepsis is admitted to the emergency department.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A) Administer broad-spectrum antibiotics.
B) Obtain blood cultures.
C) Start intravenous fluids.
D) Measure urine output.
Answer: B) Obtain blood cultures.
Question: After a major surgery, a patient is at risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following interventions can help prevent DVT in this patient?
A) Restricting fluids to reduce blood volume.
B) Applying heat packs to the legs.
C) Encouraging early ambulation.
D) Administering a daily dose of aspirin.
Answer: C) Encouraging early ambulation. Question: A patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) is experiencing an acute exacerbation. Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat acute exacerbations of MS?
A) Interferon beta-1a (Avonex).
B) Baclofen (Lioresal).
C) Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol).
D) Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone).
Answer: C) Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol).
Question: A patient receiving palliative care reports significant pain. Which principle should guide the nurse's management of the patient's pain?
A) Pain management should focus solely on pharmacological interventions.
B) Pain relief should be balanced with maintaining patient alertness.
C) Pain should be assessed and managed using a multimodal approach.
D) Opioid medications should be avoided to prevent addiction.
Answer: C) Pain should be assessed and managed using a multimodal approach.
Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with acute renal failure. Which of the following laboratory values is most indicative of renal function?
A) Serum calcium.
B) Serum creatinine.
Question: A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted with an acute exacerbation. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
A) Administering high-flow oxygen via non-rebreather mask.
B) Encouraging the patient to perform pursed-lip breathing.
C) Restricting fluids to prevent fluid overload.
D) Providing high-protein, high-calorie snacks.
Answer: B) Encouraging the patient to perform pursed-lip breathing.
Question: A patient presents with signs of heart failure, including dyspnea, fatigue, and peripheral edema. Which diagnostic test is most indicative of heart failure?
A) Serum potassium levels.
B) Chest X-ray.
C) Echocardiogram.
D) Arterial blood gases (ABG).
Answer: C) Echocardiogram. Question: A nurse is caring for a patient receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer. The patient reports severe nausea and vomiting. Which medication is most appropriate for managing these symptoms?
A) Ondansetron (Zofran).
B) Metoclopramide (Reglan).
C) Promethazine (Phenergan).
D) Lorazepam (Ativan).
Answer: A) Ondansetron (Zofran).
Question: Which intervention should be implemented first for a patient who has had a stroke and is experiencing expressive aphasia?
A) Encourage the patient to speak slowly and clearly.
B) Establish a reliable communication method, such as a communication board.
C) Provide written materials for the patient to read.
D) Refer the patient to a speech therapist.
Answer: B) Establish a reliable communication method, such as a communication board.
Question: A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a patient with a history of seizures. Which of the following medications is considered a first-line treatment for status epilepticus? A) Phenytoin (Dilantin).
B) Valproic acid (Depakote).
C) Lorazepam (Ativan).
D) Levetiracetam (Keppra).
Answer: C) Lorazepam (Ativan).
Question: A patient with suspected sepsis is admitted to the emergency department.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A) Administer broad-spectrum antibiotics.
B) Obtain blood cultures.
C) Start intravenous fluids.
D) Measure urine output.
Answer: B) Obtain blood cultures.
Question: After a major surgery, a patient is at risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following interventions can help prevent DVT in this patient?
A) Restricting fluids to reduce blood volume.
B) Applying heat packs to the legs.
C) Encouraging early ambulation.
D) Administering a daily dose of aspirin.
Answer: C) Encouraging early ambulation. Question: A patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) is experiencing an acute exacerbation. Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat acute exacerbations of MS?
A) Interferon beta-1a (Avonex).
B) Baclofen (Lioresal).
C) Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol).
D) Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone).
Answer: C) Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol).
Question: A patient receiving palliative care reports significant pain. Which principle should guide the nurse's management of the patient's pain?
A) Pain management should focus solely on pharmacological interventions.
B) Pain relief should be balanced with maintaining patient alertness.
C) Pain should be assessed and managed using a multimodal approach.
D) Opioid medications should be avoided to prevent addiction.
Answer: C) Pain should be assessed and managed using a multimodal approach.
Question: A nurse is caring for a patient with acute renal failure. Which of the following laboratory values is most indicative of renal function?
A) Serum calcium.
B) Serum creatinine.
