NR 464 - EXAM 2023/2024 EXACT QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS AND GUIDED RATIONALES EXPERT VERIFIED ALREADY GRADED A

NR 464 - EXAM 2023/2024 EXACT QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS AND GUIDED RATIONALES EXPERT VERIFIED ALREADY GRADED A The nurse provides home ca re instructions to a client with systemic lupus erythematosus and tells the client about methods to manage fatigue. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction? 1. "I should take hot baths because they are relaxing." 2. "I shou ld sit whenever possible to conserve my energy." 3. "I should avoid long periods of rest because it causes joint stiffness." 4. "I should do some exercises, such as walking, when I am not fatigued." 1. "I should take hot baths because they are relaxing." To help reduce fatigue in the client with systemic lupus erythematosus, the nurse should instruct the client to sit whenever possible, avoid hot baths (because they exacerbate fatigue), schedule moderate low -impact exercises when not fatigued, and maintain a balanced diet. The client is instructed to avoid long periods of rest because it promotes joint stiffness. The nurse is assisting in planning care for a client with a diagnosis of immunodeficiency and should incorporate which action as a priority in the plan? 1. Protecting the client from infection 2. Providing emotional support to decrease fear 3. Encouraging discussion about lifestyle changes 4. Identifying factors that decreased the immune function 1. Protecting the client from infection The clien t with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is diagnosed with cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma. Based on this diagnosis, the nurse understands that this has been confirmed by which finding? 1. Swelling in the genital area 2. Swelling in the lower extremities 3. Positive punch biopsy of the cutaneous lesions 4. Appearance of reddish -blue lesions noted on the skin 3. Positive punch biopsy of the cutaneous lesions Kaposi's sarcoma lesions begin as red, dark blue, or purple macules on the lower legs that change into plaques. These large plaques ulcerate or open and drain. The lesions spread by metastasis through the upper body and then to the face and oral mucosa. They can move to the lymphatic system, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. Late disease results in swel ling and pain in the lower extremities, penis, scrotum, or face. Diagnosis is made by punch biopsy of cutaneous lesions and biopsy of pulmonary and gastrointestinal lesions. The home care nurse is preparing to visit a client who has undergone renal transpl antation. The nurse develops a plan of care that includes monitoring the client for signs of acute graft rejection. The nurse documents in the plan to assess the client for which signs of acute graft rejection? 1. Fever, hypotension, and polyuria 2. Hype rtension, polyuria, and thirst 3. Fever, hypertension, and graft tenderness 4. Hypotension, graft tenderness, and hypothermia 3. Fever, hypertension, and graft tenderness A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been started on therapy with zidovudine. The nurse should monitor the results of which laboratory blood study for adverse effects of therapy? 1. Creatinine level 2. Potassium concentration 3. Complete blood cell (CBC) count 4. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level 3. Complete blood cell (CBC) count Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a viral disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which destroys T cells, thereby increasing susceptibility to infection and malignancy. Common adverse effects of zid ovudine are agranulocytopenia and anemia. The nurse should monitor the CBC count for these changes. Creatinine, potassium, and BUN are unrelated to this medication. The nurse is performing an assessment on a female client who complains of fatigue, weakness , muscle and joint pain, anorexia, and photosensitivity. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is suspected. What should the nurse further assess for that also is indicative of SLE? 1. Ascites 2. Emboli 3. Facial rash 4. Two hemoglobin S genes 3. Facial r ash Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory connective tissue disorder that can cause major body organs and systems to fail. A butterfly rash on the cheeks and bridge of the nose is an essential sign of SLE. Ascites and emboli are found in many conditions but are not associated with SLE. Two hemoglobin S genes are found in sickle cell anemia. A client has requested and undergone testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The client asks what will be done next bec ause the result of the enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been positive. Which diagnostic study should the nurse be aware of before responding to the client? 1. No further diagnostic studies are needed. 2. A Western blot will be done to confir m these findings. 3. The client probably will have a bone marrow biopsy done. 4. A CD4+ cell count will be done to measure T helper lymphocytes. 2. A Western blot will be done to confirm these findings. The nurse is caring for a client with acquired immu nodeficiency syndrome and detects early infection with Pneumocystis jiroveci by monitoring the client for which clinical manifestation? 1. Fever 2. Cough 3. Dyspnea at rest 4. Dyspnea on exertion 2. Cough Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) is a fungal infection and is a common opportunistic infection. The client with P. jiroveci infection usually has a cough as the first sign. The cough begins as nonproductive and then progresses to productive. Later sig ns and symptoms include fever, dyspnea on exertion, and finally dyspnea at rest. A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has a concurrent diagnosis of histoplasmosis. During the assessment, the nurse notes that the client has enlarged lymph nodes. How should the nurse interpret this assessment finding? 1. The histoplasmosis is resolving. 2. The client has disseminated histoplasmosis infection. 3. This is a side effect of the medications given to treat AIDS. 4. The client probably has ano ther infection that is developing. 2. The client has disseminated histoplasmosis infection. Histoplasmosis is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum and usually starts as a respiratory infection in the client with AIDS and then becomes a disseminated infection, with enlargement of lymph nodes, spleen, and liver. The client experiences dyspnea, fever, cough, and weight loss. The remaining options are incorrect. The nurse is caring for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who is experiencing nig ht fever and night sweats. Which nursing interventions would be helpful in managing this symptom? Select all that apply. 1. Keep liquids at the bedside. 2. Place a towel over the pillowcase. 3. Make sure the pillow has a plastic cover. 4. Keep a change of bed linens nearby in case they are needed. 5. Administer an antipyretic after the client has a spike in temperature.