NCLEX Q COLLECTION FOR THE PN EXAM 2023/2024 EXPERT SCRUTINIZED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GUARANTEED PASS ALREADY GRADED A

NCLEX Q COLLECTION FOR THE PN EXAM 2023/2024 EXPERT SCRUTINIZED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GUARANTEED PASS ALREADY GRAD ED A 1. Select the member of the healthcare team that is paired with one of the main functions of this team member. A) Occupational therapist: Gait exercises B) Physical therapist: The provision of assistive devices to facilitate the activities of daily living C) Speech and language therapist: The treatment of swallowing disorders D) Case manager: Ord ering medications and treatments Correct Response: C Speech and language therapists assess and treat patients with a swallowing disorder; they also assess and treat patients with speech and communication problems as often occurs after a cerebrovascular ac cident, or stroke. Occupational therapists assist patients with their activities of daily living and they also provide patients with assistive devices to facilitate eating and dressing. Physical therapists perform rehabilitation and restorative care includ ing help with ambulation and balance/gait exercises. Lastly, case managers coordinate care along the continuum of care and they manage insurance reimbursements. 2. The recommended daily caloric intake for sedentary older men, active adult women and childre n is: A) 2400 calories B) 1600 calories C) 2800 calories D) 2000 calories Correct Response: D Sedentary older men, active adult women and children should all have 6 ounces of grains, 2½ cups of vegetables, 2 cups of fruits, and 3 cups of milk to help mak e up their 2000 calorie requirement. Sedentary adolescents require 2400 calories, sedentary women and children require 1600 calories and active adolescents need 2800 calories daily. 3. Ill health, malnutrition, and wasting as a result of chronic disease ar e all associated with: A) Surgical asepsis B) Catabolism C) Cachexia D) Venous stasis Correct Response: C Ill health, malnutrition, and wasting as a result of chronic disease are all associated with cachexia. Cachexia can also result from dehiscence of a surgical incision or rupture of wound closure. Surgical asepsis refers to using a sterile technique to protect against infection before, during, and after surgery. The breakdown of tissue, especially after severe trauma or crush injuries is known as catab olism. Venous stasis is a disorder related to pooling of blood in a vein of the body; venous stasis typically occurs in the lower extremities and it is one of the many hazards, or complications, of immobilization. 4. Select all the possible opportunistic infections that adversely affect HIV/AIDS infected patients. A) Visual losses B) Kaposi's sarcoma C) Wilms' sarcoma D) Tuberculosis E) Peripheral neuropathy F) Toxoplasma gondii Correct Response: B, D, F Kaposi's sarcoma, tuberculosis, toxoplasma gondii, mycobacterium avium, herpes simplex, histoplasmosis and salmonella infections are HIV/AIDS associated opportunistic infections. Although many affected patients can experience blindness and peripheral neuropathy, th ese disorders result from impaired nervous system damage rather than an infection. Lastly, Wilms' tumor is a pediatric form of kidney cancer and it is neither an infection nor something that typically affects the patient with HIV/AIDS. 5. What can help reduce a patient's anxiety and postsurgical pain? A) Preoperative teaching B) Preoperative checklist C) Psychological counseling D) Preoperative medication Correct Response: A Patient teaching before surgery not only helps to reduce a pa tient's anxiety and postsurgical pain but it also decreases the amount of anesthesia needed and a lack of anxiety additionally speeds up wound healing. Preoperative checklists are a form of nursing documentation that is used to guide and document the care of the patient before surgery. Psychological counseling is typically NOT necessary except under highly unusual circumstances and preoperative medication can decrease the amount of anesthetic needed and respiratory tract secretions but it does not help with postoperative pain. 6. Which disease decreases the metabolic rate? A) Cancer B) Hypothyroidism C) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease D) Cardiac failure Correct Response: B Hypothyroidism causes a decreased metabolic demand, so fewer calories are requ ired. Cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or cardiac failure all increase the metabolic demands and the need for added calories. 7. When caring for an infant during cardiac arrest, which pulse must be palpated to determine cardiac function? A) Carotid B) Brachial C) Pedal D) Radial Correct Response: B The brachial pulse is the most accessible pulse on an infant and, therefore, it is the site of choice. The carotid pulse may be difficult to palpate due to the fatty tissue that typically, and oft en, surrounds an infant's neck. Lastly, the radial and pedal pulses may not be reliable indicators of cardiac function. 8. The patient should be sitting when deep breathing and coughing because this position: A) Is physically more comfortable for the pati ent B) Helps the patient to support their incision with a pillow C) Loosens respiratory secretions D) Allows the patient to observe their area and relax Correct Response: B The patient should be sitting when deep breathing and coughing because this positi on allows the patient to be better able to splint the incision with a pillow which provides abdominal support during coughing. It also allows the lungs to more fully expand because the diaphragm drops. The most comfortable position for the patient is the s upine position; however, this position does not permit the lungs to fully expand. There is no association or correlation between loosening respiratory secretions or relaxation with this sitting position. 9. Which procedures necessitate the use of surgical asepsis techniques? Select all that apply. A) Intramuscular medication administration B) Central line intravenous medication administration C) Donning gloves in the operating room D) Neonatal bathing E) Foley catheter insertion F) Emptying a urinary drain age bag Correct Response: B,C,E Surgical asepsis is used when managing central line intravenous medication administration, when donning sterile gloves in the operating room and when inserting an indwelling Foley catheter. Medical asepsis, or clean technique, is used when bathing a neonat e, when emptying a urinary drainage bag and when administering an intramuscular medication injection. 10. What is the ultimate purpose and goal of performance improvement activities? A) To increase efficiency B) To contain costs C) To improve processes D) To improve policies Correct Response: C The ultimate purpose of quality improvement activities is to identify process flaws and then to change the process so that it is fail proof. Fail proof processes prevent human error and possible patient harm. Altho ugh these process improvements and changes may also increase efficiency and decrease costs, the ultimate goal of quality improvement activities is to prevent future occurrences with process changes and not costs and efficiency. Lastly, it is known that pro cesses, not policies, are the root cause of many medical errors. 11. The primary difference between practical nursing licensure and a nursing certification in an area of practice is that nursing licensure is: A) Insures competency and a nursing certificat ion validates years of experience. B) Mandated by the American Nurses Association and a nursing certification are not. C) Is legally mandated by the states and a nursing certification is not. D) Renewed every two years and a nursing certification is renewe d every five years. Correct Response: C