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Carb function in the body ☑: Main energy source Glycemic Index ☑: ranking foods based on the relative blood glucose response observed after ingesting them. High glucose response= high glycemic index low glucose response= low glycemic index. Monosaccharides ☑: glucose, fructose, galactose Disaccharides ☑: sucrose, lactose, maltose Polysaccharides ☑: thousands of molecules bound together-starch, glycogen, fiber EXCELLENCE 2 Soluble Fiber ☑: dissolves or swells in water, weight management (feeling full= satiety), lowering cholesterol, and helps control blood sugar levels Foods-citrus, apples, bananas, oats, beans Insoluble Fiber ☑: does not dissolve, helps GI health, prebiotic, protection against colon cancer Foods-whole grain, wheat bran, rice, veggies Insulin ☑: hormone secreted by the pancreas in order to unlock cells to allow glucose in, lowering glucose levels. It is secreted when blood glucose levels are too high, above 99 Glucagon ☑: hormone secreted at the opposite time of insulin in order to raise glucose levels. It is released when glucose levels are too low, releasing glucose from the liver into the bloodstream Type I Diabetes ☑: pancreas can no longer produce insulin Type II Diabete