Anthropology 101 Exam Questions with Correct Answers (1)

Anthropology 101 Exam Questions with Correct Answers (1) Taxonomic categories and classifications - Answer-are generally based on a comparison of traits and the adaptations of the organism Primates rely primarily on to negotiate their environment. - Answer- vision Primates ability to grasp with their limbs is called - Answer-prehensile Primates have a long period of dependency after birth because they - Answer-rely more on learned behaviors for survival In primate societies, the social group includes some individuals who hold more social power and influence than others - Answer-dominance heirarchy A common practice among primates that serves to both maintain hygiene and group harmony is called - Answer-grooming Relative to the other primates, the prosimians - Answer-have a better sense of smell and are more specialized Socioecology looks at the relationship between animals, their behaviors and - Answer- the environment they live in (food availability, predators, seasonal variation, etc.) and their adaptations Chimpanzees - Answer-hunt monkeys and small mammals for food Which interpersonal bond is held the longest and is the most influential in the lives of chimps - Answer-mother-offspring bond baboons have been of particular interest to anthropologists because - Answer-they are terrestrial, live in large groups and live in a savanna environment the discussion as to whether or not humans are "different by degree" or "unique in kind" in comparison to other primates - Answer-a and c only All of the following can affect primate social behavior, EXCEPT - Answer-the absolute length of the tail of monkeys, over 12" is key The fact that Orangutans are for the most part solitary can best be explained by - Answer-socioecology What is the status of our closest primate relatives? - Answer-many primate species are threatened by habitat destruction and the bush meat trade The methods used to study primate behaviors - Answer-theology, the study of animals under natural conditions is seen as the most informative Primates in general share all the of following traits, EXCEPT - Answer-a body designed for bipedal locomotion Homologies - Answer-Are physical traits inherited from a common ancestor, although they are not necessarily used for the same purpose The study of primate behaviors - Answer-none of the above The best way to sex a skeleton is to look at the - Answer-the pelvis All of the following is accurate regarding dating techniques EXCEPT - Answer-all absolute dating techniques can be used on all types of fossils and for all the time frames All of the following can be determined from fossil remains EXCEPT - Answer-whether or not an individual had a happy, fun filled life Aging a skeleton (the age an individual was when they died) - Answer-requires looking at multiple aspects of fossil remains from the teeth to the pelvis to the skull Fossil remains - Answer-a and b only Taphonomy - Answer-a and c only Trephination - Answer-involves cutting a hole in the skull The development of absolute dating techniques - Answer-all of the above Osteology - Answer-the study of skeletal anatomy and function Fossils - Answer-are very rare, only select environments can lead to fossilization Which genus best fits the description "small- brained, robust, hominid with a mixed grassland, plant foods" - Answer-Paranthropus Regarding the evolution of New World Monkey's - Answer-the migration hypothesis states that New World monkey's migrated down from North America millions of years ago The first key trait that separates hominid's from apes is - Answer-a physical make up dedicated to bipedalism The best evidence so far indicates that hominids and chimps shared a common ancestor - Answer-5 to 7 million years ago Competitive exclusion - Answer-two similar species co-exist in the same area and one is better adapted for survival What is themes likely way in which Homo habilis used their stone toos - Answer-for the quick and efficient scavenging of animals killed by other predators The ability to use fire gave Homo erectus all of the following EXCEPT - Answer- absolute control over their enviornment Which species in the genus Homo matches the following description: robust skeleton, robust muscle attachments, brain size average 1450 ml, barrel chests, prominent brow ridges, low sloping foreheads, no chin - Answer-homo neandertal Modern homo sapiens differ from earlier hominid species in brain structure and size, especially with regards to - Answer-vertical foreheads where the neofrontal cortex is responsible for higher thought The short limbed muscular bodies of H. neandertal populations indicate an adaptation to - Answer-a cold, harsh climate, and a physically demanding lifestyle The selection for larger brain sizes in the genus Homo - Answer-gave Homo increased cognitive abilities, making stone tools and out competing smaller brained hominids All of the following are seen as the factors involved in the natural selection of skin color EXCEPT - Answer-bubonic plague Humans - Answer-b and c only What is the most likely explanation as to why Homo erectus moved out of Africa? - Answer-their reproductive success and higher population densities lead to the need to move out and find new sources of water, shelter and food