Colorectal carcinoma (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Colorectal carcinoma (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Define colorectal cancer? Adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum What is the incidence of colorectal cancer? Most common GI cancer Second most common cancer in the United States Incidence increases with age starting at 40 and peaks at 70 to 80 years How common is colorectal cancer as a cause of cancer deaths? Second most common cause of cancer deaths What is the lifetime risk of colorectal cancer? 6% What is the male to female ratio of colorectal cancer? 1:1 What are the risk factors for colorectal cancer? Dietary: Low-fiber, high-fat diets correlate with increased rates Genetic: Family history is important when taking history FAP, Lynch's syndrome IBD: Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease, age, previous colon cancer What is Lynch's syndrome? HNPCC: Hereditary NonPolyposis Colon Cancer—autosomal-dominant inheritance of high risk for development of colon cancer What are current ACS recommendations for polyp/ colorectal screening in asymptomatic patients without family (first-degree) history of colorectal cancer? Starting at age 50, at least one of the following test regimens is recommended: Colonoscopy q 10 yrs Double contrast barium enema (DCBE) q 5 yrs Flex sigmoidoscopy q 5 yrs CT colonography q 5 yrs What are the current recommendations for colorectal cancer screening if there is a history of colorectal cancer in a first-degree relative less than 60 years old? Colonoscopy at age 40, or 10 years before the age at diagnosis of the youngest first- degree relative, and every 5 years thereafter What percentage of adults will have a guaiac-positive stool test? 2% What percentage of patients with a guaiac-positive stool test will have colon cancer? 10% What signs/symptoms are associated with the following conditions: Right-sided lesions? Left-sided lesions? Right-sided lesions: Right side of bowel has a large luminal diameter, so a tumor may attain a large size before causing problems Microcytic anemia, occult/melena more than hematochezia PR, postprandial discomfort, fatigue