TExES ESL 154 Exam - Questions with 100% Correct Answers

TExES ESL 154 Exam - Questions with 100% Correct Answers Language 1 L1 Terms are used to indicate that a person has acquired the language in infancy and early childhood & generally within the family. Level of Proficiency in language. Language 2 L2 non-native language, 2nd language) implies the prior availability to the individual of an L1, some form of bilingualism. May indicate a lower level of proficiency. Phonology producing the basic sound units of language Morphology word formation in a language including inflection, derivation and compounding Syntax the way in which words are put together to form phrases, clause, or sentences Semantics relating to meaning in language Pragmatics the appropriate use of language; rules for communicating effectively and responding to the needs of one's listeners. Comprehensible input means that students should be able to understand the essence of what is being said to them Affective filter Is a mental barrier put up the ELL student when put in high stress or anxiety or embarrasses TPR total physical response; say a single action word then perform that action 5 Stages of ESL Development 1. Preproduction 2. Early production 3. Speech emergent 4. Intermediate fluency 5. Advance proficiency Preproduction silent/receptive, 500 words or less; use of pictures, gestures, pointing; 6months Early Production 1000 words, one & two word phrases; 6months Speech Emergent 7000 words, use short sentences and ask simple questions, 1yr Intermediate Fluency 12,000 words, make complex statements, 1yr or more Advanced Proficiency 17,000 words, participating fully in discussions, 5-7yrs Cognitive Processes memorization, categorization, generalization, & metacognition Bloom's Taxonomy Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation Cognates word that have a common etymological origin Idioms Don't use them; "start from scratch" "when the cat is away, the mouse will play" ESL Fundamental Language Concepts 1. Increase comprehensibility 2. Encourage Interactions 3. Thinking & Study Skills 4. Use of Native language to increase comprehension ESL Teaching methods Linguistic Instruction, Sheltered English, Reciprocal Teaching Linguistic Instruction must include initiating frequent interaction with English-speaking peers and materials for L1 & L2 Sheltered English is an instruction in English understandable to ESL students. Use physical activities, visual aids Reciprocal Teaching refers to an instructional activity that takes place in the form of a dialogue between teachers and students regarding the segment of the text. Structure by 4 strategies: summarizing, question generating, clarifying, and predicting Content based ESL Instruction applies knowledge of effective practices, resources, and materials for providing engaging students in critical thinking ESL Interrelatedness Listening, Speaking, Reading, & Writing is learn concurrently