Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass CAP is the ___________ infectious ds in the US and the ______________ leading cause of death. - Answer- - Most deadly - 8th What normally prevents the development of lower respiratory tract infections following aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions containing bacteria or inhalation of infected aerosols? - Answer- Pulmonary defense mechanisms (cough reflex, mucociliary clearance system, immune responses) CAP occurs when _________________ . - Answer- There is a defect in 1 or more of the normal defense mechanisms (cough reflex, mucociliary clearance system, immune responses) or when a large infectious inoculum or a virulent pathogen overwhelms the immune response. What bacterial pathogens cause CAP? - Answer- - Streptococcus pneumoniae (most common) - Haemophilus influenzae - Moraxella catarrhalis What pathogen most commonly causes CAP in pts who are *immunocompetent*? - Answer- Streptococcus pneumoniae What pathogen(s) most commonly causes CAP in pts who have *influenza*? - Answer- Staph. aureus or Strept. pneumoniae What pathogen(s) most commonly cause CAP in pts w/chronic alcoholism? - Answer- Klebsiella pneumoniae What pathogen(s) most commonly cause CAP in pts who have *bronchiectasis* or *cystic fibrosis*, or who have *prolonged hospitalizations*? - Answer- Pseudomonas aeruginosa What pathogen(s) most commonly cause CAP in pts who have *exacerbation of chronic bronchitis*? - Answer- Moraxella catarrhalis What pathogen(s) most commonly cause CAP in pts who are *elderly*, have *chronic lung ds, Sickle Cell ds, immunocompromised disorders*