Botanical Bot303 Midterm - Bph Latest Actual Exam All 35 Questions And Correct Detailed Answers With Rationales (Verified Answers) |Already Graded A+

Botanical BOT303 Midterm - BPH LATEST ACTUAL EXAM ALL 35 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+ Actions: Agathosma (Barosma) betulina - Answer- Anti-septic (d/t EO content), diuretic (mild) C/I: Agathosma (Barosma) betulina - Answer- GI irritation (if taken on empty stomach). Urine may turn brown and develop a new odor (d/t VO diosphenol) Which herb can cause urine to turn brown and develop an odor? - Answer- Agathosma (Barosma) betulina Actions: Agropyron repens - Answer- Diuretic (soothing, weak), urinary demulcent. Possibly: AI, anti-microbial, prostatic tonic, anti-lithic (?). C/I: Agropyron repens - Answer- Use with potassium depleting diuretics (risk is theoretical) Which herb is contraindicated with potassium depleting diuretics? - Answer- Agropyron repens Actions: Althea officinalis - Answer- Demulcent (incl urinary demulcent), AI, diuretic (mild) Topically: Emollient, vulnerary C/I: Althea officinalis - Answer- May slow absorption of other drugs/botanicals if taking simultaneously. Actions: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi - Answer- Urinary anti-septic, astringent, diuretic (actually aquaretic), anti-inflammatory, anti-lithic (?), GU sedative, demulcent (?) C/I: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi - Answer- KI disease, pregnancy, lactation, use in children. B/c of high levels of tannins: Constipation, iron deficiency anemia, malnutrition. Long term use (because of the tannins). Inflamed or ulcerated conditions of GIT. Irritation of mouth and GIT Take away from oral thiamine, metal ions, alkaloids). May ↑ effectiveness of certain antibiotics. May also augment AI activity of steroid meds. Actions: Chimaphila umbellata - Answer- Anti-microbial, renal tonic, diuretic C/I: Chimaphila umbellata - Answer- similar to Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Actions: Echinacea spp. - Answer- Immunomodulator, immunostimulator, depurative, AI, vulnerary, lymphatic, sialogogue. C/I: Echinacea spp. - Answer- Immunosuppressed pts (i.e. taking immunosuppressants, transplant patients) Autoimmune diseases, contact dermatitis (risk is low) GI upset, unpleasant taste, increased salivation, tingling of tongue, contact dermatitis. Leucopenia, erythema nodosum (rare) Immunosuppressant medications. Actions: Equisetum arvense - Answer- Diuretic, astringent (urinary). May be vulnerary. C/I: Equisetum arvense - Answer- Hypertension, CV disease because it may increase K+ excretion (because of diuretic action). Chronic use may l/t B1 deficiency (commonly seen in horses pasteurized for long periods of time but never reported in humans) Actions: Juniperus communis - Answer- Anti-microbial (bacteriostatic, anti-septic; affinity for GU), diuretic, u-sedative. Possible anti-lithic action. Carminative (?) C/I: Juniperus communis - Answer- VOs - stimulate kidney nephrons TF Avoid use with compromised kidney function, Avoid with Pregnancy*, lactation* (Avoid use 6 wks, d/t irritating VOs). Interactions: Lithium Pain near kidneys, urgency, dysuria, diuresis, albuminuria, hematuria, purplish urine, tachycardia, hypertension, convulsions (rarely), menorrhagia, abortion. Actions: Piper methysticum - Answer- Anxiolytic (nervine relaxant), hypnotic (strong), sedative (mild), skeletal muscle relaxant, local anaesthetic, mild analgesic, antipruritic (topically) C/I: Piper methysticum - Answer- Parkinson's dz (b/c of possible dopamine antagonism). B/c it is a sedative - caution with depression, insomnia (if assoc with ↑ restlessness during early hrs of the am). Not for l/t use (limit to ≤6 wks). Limit daily kava lactones to 250 mg. D/c ≥24 hrs b4 surgery (b/c may potentia