Test 1-BIO 210 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved

Test 1-BIO 210 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved Anatomy - Answer- the study of structure (where's it located?....what does it look like?) Physiology - Answer- the study of function at many level (how's it built?....how's it work?) Subdivisions of Anatomy - Answer- Gross Macroscopic Microscopic Developmental Principle of Complementarity - Answer- Anatomy and Physiology are inseparable function always reflects structure what a structure can do depends on its specific form Level of Structural Organization (in order-smallest to largest) - Answer- Chemical (atoms and molecules) Cellular (cells and their organelles) Tissue (groups of similar cells) Organ (contains two or more types of tissues) Organ System (organs that work closely together) Organismal (all organ systems--the entity itself) 11 Major Organ Systems - Answer- Integumentary System Skeletal System Muscular System Nervous System Endocrine System Lymphatic/Immune System Digestive System Reproductive System Urinary System Cardiovascular System Respiratory System Necessary Life Functions (8 total) - Answer- Maintaining Boundaries Movement Responsiveness Digestion Metabolism Excretion Reproduction (increasing in number) Growth (increasing in size) Survival Needs (5 total) - Answer- Nutrients Oxygen Water Normal body temp. Appropriate atmospheric pressure Homeostasis - Answer- maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment despite continuous outside changes (a dynamic state of equilibrium) Homeostatic Control Mechanisms - Answer- Negative Feedback (regulating body tempand regulating of bld volume in ADH) & Positive Feedback(INHANCEMENT OF LABOR CONTRACTIONS OR BLOOD CLOTTING (*once positive feedback achieves what it needs, negative feedback stops it*) nervous and endocrine systems Components of a Control Mechanism - Answer- Receptor (sensor) Control Center (determines set point at which variable is maintained) Effector (response act to reduce or enhance the stimulus/feedback) Chemical reactions - Answer- chemical bonds are formed rearranged or broken States of Matter - Answer- SOLID (definite shape and volume) LIQUID (definite volume, changeable shape) GAS (changeable volume and shape) Kinetic Energy - Answer- anything in motion or in the process of being used Potential Energy - Answer- stored or inactive energy (turns into kinetic once put into motion) Principle forms of energy (can transition through all) - Answer- -Chemical energy -Electrical energy -Mechanical energy -Radiant/electromagnetic energy Atoms - Answer- smallest form of matter (unique building blocks for each element) Major Elements of the Human Body and all living creatures - Answer- Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Atomic Number - Answer- number of protons in nucleus (defining property of an element) Mass Number - Answer- mass of the protons and neutrons (ALWAYS a whole number, round to the nearest) Atomic weight - Answer- average of mass numbers of ALL iostopes formula to find number of neutrons - Answer- Atomic mass -MINUS- Atomic number (protons) molecule - Answer- two or more atoms bonded together compound - Answer- two or more different kinds of atoms bonded together 3 types of mixtures - Answer- Solutions-salt water (evenly mixed) Colloids-jello (an emulsion-particles do not settle out) Suspensions-blood/itailian dressing (particles settle out