NR503 FINAL LATEST EXAM 180 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2022-2024 / NR 503 FINAL LATEST EXAM 180 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2022-2024
The nurse practitioner is reviewing a recent study that utilizes analytic
epidemiology by means of a cohort study design. The cohort study design informs
the practitioner about which of the following - CORRECT ANSWER- Outcomes
that develop from an exposure
A group of providers have implemented population-based intervention and are now
assessing the efficacy of the intervention. Which of the following would be an
example of a population based outcome? - CORRECT ANSWER- Decreased
mortality rate compared to previous year
Appraisal of research publications is critical as providers assess for relevance to
population health. Which of the following items should be considered during the
appraisal process? Select all that apply. - CORRECT ANSWER- Outcome
measure, Transparency, Internal Validity
What is being compared in a cohort study design? - CORRECT ANSWER- The
incidence of a disease between exposed and non-exposed individuals
Analytic epidemiology is best described as: - CORRECT ANSWER- Studies that
investigate origins and casuals' factors of health-related events
You are part of a research group investigating association between exposure and
disease. Which study design is a best fit for this type of study: - CORRECT
ANSWER- Case-Control Study
,The provider is concerned about what appears to be an increase in the mortality
rate for their community. Mortality is an example of which of the following: -
CORRECT ANSWER- Vital statistic
An example of a tertiary prevention measure for chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease is: - CORRECT ANSWER- Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Which of the following statements best describe efficacy? - CORRECT
ANSWER- It is an estimate of the benefit of treatment under ideal conditions
It is an estimate of the reduction of disease in treated groups
A study is conducted for a pharmaceutical agent that has shown promise for
reducing heart disease among women. In order to more fully test the agent, an
additional study is done restricting the participants to be randomized to those who
have a history of hypertension. Which of the following advantages cannot be
claimed by the researchers? - CORRECT ANSWER- The generalizability of the
study is increased
What is the main advantage of the randomization of the 168 study participants to
one of the two drug treatment groups? - CORRECT ANSWER- Reduces selection
bias
After entry into the study, patients were first classified into three groups, those who
had a previous AMI, those with a first AMI who were at high risk for other
cardiovascular diseases such as congestive heart failure, and those with a first AMI
who were at low risk for other cardiovascular diseases. Which term best describes
the study design? - CORRECT ANSWER- Randomized clinical trial with stratified
randomization
After assignment to treatment group, 77% of those in the placebo group were men,
while 80% of those in the drug X group were men. Which statement is most likely
to be true? - CORRECT ANSWER- Randomization was successful since the
investigators did not alter the selection of participants in either group in order to
ensure equal percentages of men
A preliminary analysis was conducted after 6 months and found that 87% of
participants in the placebo group and 85% of those in the drug X group had taken
more than 90% of their prescribed dosages. Which statement best describes this
finding? - CORRECT ANSWER- The characteristics of patients who failed to
, comply with the treatment dosages should be assessed as they may differ from
those who complied
Which of the following statements best describes the reason for conducting the
study as a double-blind trial? - CORRECT ANSWER- Double blinding ensures
that potential biases regarding selection, follow-up, and analysis can be reduced
The following data come from a study of approaches to smoking cessation.
Smokers who want to quit were randomized to one of four groups: control .....
brochures and a monthly phone call from a counselor. Participants received mailed
surveys at 8, 16, and 24 months after randomization. The results after 2 years are in
the table below. Which group had the least success in terms of quitting smoking? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Group QS
The following data come from a study of approaches to smoking cessation.
Smokers who want to quit were randomized to one of four groups: control group C
who received no intervention assistance, quitting guide group Q who received
brochures about how to quit smoking, quitting guide and support group QS who
received quitting brochures as well as social support brochures listing benefits of
smoking cessation, and telephone support group T who received the brochures and
a monthly phone call from a counselor. Participants received mailed surveys at 8,
16, and 24 months after randomization. The results after 2 years are in the table
below. What is the main purpose of randomization in this study? - CORRECT
ANSWER- To avoid assigning more persons who have tried and failed to quit in
the past to the control group
Test A has a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 90%. Test B has a sensitivity of
80% and a specificity of 98%. In a community of 10,000 people with 5%
prevalence of the disease, Test A has always been given before Test B. What is the
best reason for changing the order of the tests? - CORRECT ANSWER- The total
number of false positives found by both tests is decreased if Test B is given first
This table represents the results of coronary magnetic resonance (CMR)
angiography compared to x-ray angiography (the gold standard in diagnosis of
coronary artery disease) in a high-risk population of patients scheduled to undergo
x-ray angiography for suspected coronary artery disease.After reviewing the results
of the test comparison, an epidemiologist decides that the specificity of the test is
too low. Using the same CMR images, he raises the cutoff value for a positive test
to increase the specificity. What is the likely effect on the sensitivity? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Sensitivity will decrease
2022-2024 / NR 503 FINAL LATEST EXAM 180 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2022-2024
The nurse practitioner is reviewing a recent study that utilizes analytic
epidemiology by means of a cohort study design. The cohort study design informs
the practitioner about which of the following - CORRECT ANSWER- Outcomes
that develop from an exposure
A group of providers have implemented population-based intervention and are now
assessing the efficacy of the intervention. Which of the following would be an
example of a population based outcome? - CORRECT ANSWER- Decreased
mortality rate compared to previous year
Appraisal of research publications is critical as providers assess for relevance to
population health. Which of the following items should be considered during the
appraisal process? Select all that apply. - CORRECT ANSWER- Outcome
measure, Transparency, Internal Validity
What is being compared in a cohort study design? - CORRECT ANSWER- The
incidence of a disease between exposed and non-exposed individuals
Analytic epidemiology is best described as: - CORRECT ANSWER- Studies that
investigate origins and casuals' factors of health-related events
You are part of a research group investigating association between exposure and
disease. Which study design is a best fit for this type of study: - CORRECT
ANSWER- Case-Control Study
,The provider is concerned about what appears to be an increase in the mortality
rate for their community. Mortality is an example of which of the following: -
CORRECT ANSWER- Vital statistic
An example of a tertiary prevention measure for chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease is: - CORRECT ANSWER- Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Which of the following statements best describe efficacy? - CORRECT
ANSWER- It is an estimate of the benefit of treatment under ideal conditions
It is an estimate of the reduction of disease in treated groups
A study is conducted for a pharmaceutical agent that has shown promise for
reducing heart disease among women. In order to more fully test the agent, an
additional study is done restricting the participants to be randomized to those who
have a history of hypertension. Which of the following advantages cannot be
claimed by the researchers? - CORRECT ANSWER- The generalizability of the
study is increased
What is the main advantage of the randomization of the 168 study participants to
one of the two drug treatment groups? - CORRECT ANSWER- Reduces selection
bias
After entry into the study, patients were first classified into three groups, those who
had a previous AMI, those with a first AMI who were at high risk for other
cardiovascular diseases such as congestive heart failure, and those with a first AMI
who were at low risk for other cardiovascular diseases. Which term best describes
the study design? - CORRECT ANSWER- Randomized clinical trial with stratified
randomization
After assignment to treatment group, 77% of those in the placebo group were men,
while 80% of those in the drug X group were men. Which statement is most likely
to be true? - CORRECT ANSWER- Randomization was successful since the
investigators did not alter the selection of participants in either group in order to
ensure equal percentages of men
A preliminary analysis was conducted after 6 months and found that 87% of
participants in the placebo group and 85% of those in the drug X group had taken
more than 90% of their prescribed dosages. Which statement best describes this
finding? - CORRECT ANSWER- The characteristics of patients who failed to
, comply with the treatment dosages should be assessed as they may differ from
those who complied
Which of the following statements best describes the reason for conducting the
study as a double-blind trial? - CORRECT ANSWER- Double blinding ensures
that potential biases regarding selection, follow-up, and analysis can be reduced
The following data come from a study of approaches to smoking cessation.
Smokers who want to quit were randomized to one of four groups: control .....
brochures and a monthly phone call from a counselor. Participants received mailed
surveys at 8, 16, and 24 months after randomization. The results after 2 years are in
the table below. Which group had the least success in terms of quitting smoking? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Group QS
The following data come from a study of approaches to smoking cessation.
Smokers who want to quit were randomized to one of four groups: control group C
who received no intervention assistance, quitting guide group Q who received
brochures about how to quit smoking, quitting guide and support group QS who
received quitting brochures as well as social support brochures listing benefits of
smoking cessation, and telephone support group T who received the brochures and
a monthly phone call from a counselor. Participants received mailed surveys at 8,
16, and 24 months after randomization. The results after 2 years are in the table
below. What is the main purpose of randomization in this study? - CORRECT
ANSWER- To avoid assigning more persons who have tried and failed to quit in
the past to the control group
Test A has a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 90%. Test B has a sensitivity of
80% and a specificity of 98%. In a community of 10,000 people with 5%
prevalence of the disease, Test A has always been given before Test B. What is the
best reason for changing the order of the tests? - CORRECT ANSWER- The total
number of false positives found by both tests is decreased if Test B is given first
This table represents the results of coronary magnetic resonance (CMR)
angiography compared to x-ray angiography (the gold standard in diagnosis of
coronary artery disease) in a high-risk population of patients scheduled to undergo
x-ray angiography for suspected coronary artery disease.After reviewing the results
of the test comparison, an epidemiologist decides that the specificity of the test is
too low. Using the same CMR images, he raises the cutoff value for a positive test
to increase the specificity. What is the likely effect on the sensitivity? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Sensitivity will decrease
