HUBS 191 progress test 2 Questions and Answers

HUBS 191 progress test 2 Questions and Answers central nervous system -Answer-nervous system consisting of brain and spinal cord peripheral nervous system -Answer-nervous system consisting of peripheral nerves glia -Answer-'glue' provide support for neurons, 5 type, 4 in CNS, 1 in PNS neurons -Answer-nerve cells, transmission of information dendrites -Answer-recieve input, send info into cell body cell body -Answer-contains nucleus and organelles axon -Answer-carries electrical impulses, may/may not be myelinated axon terminals -Answer-end terminus of the axon, neuro transmitter release tract -Answer-bundle of axons in the CNS grey matter -Answer-group of cell bodies in cerebral cortex/spinal cord white matter -Answer-bundle of axons in cerebral cortex/spinal cord ganglion -Answer-group of cell bodies in PNS nerve -Answer-bundle of axons in PNS input zone -Answer-dendrites and cell body, receives chemical signals from other neurons summation zone -Answer-axon hillock, decides to transmit signal or not conduction zone -Answer-axon may be quite long, carry electrical signals between brain areas to and from spinal cord or to and from peripheral sensory receptors output zone -Answer-axon terminals, contact input of other neurons, release of neuro transmitter multipolar -Answer-multiple processes emanate from the cell body, the 'typical' neuron bipolar -Answer-2 processes emanate from the cell body (axon and long bridge to dendrites unipolar -Answer-1 process emanates from cell body (hangs on side of axon) anaxonic -Answer-no distinct axon, all processes look alike astrocytes -Answer-supply nutrients to neuron, ensheath blood capillaries, transmit information, CNS microglia -Answer-immune cells of the CNS, engulf micro organisms / debris ependymal cells -Answer-line fluid filled spaces of brain and spinal cord, have cillia to circulate CSF, CNS oligodentrocytes -Answer-support nerve fibres, ensheath them with myelin, CNS schwann cells -Answer-support peripheral nerve fibres, ensheath them with myelin, similar to oligodendrocytes, PNS myelin sheath -Answer-lipid wrapped around axon, increases conduction velocity, multiple schwann cells in a row form the myelin sheath, gaps between myelin called nodes of ranivier Synapse/Synpatic Cleft -Answer-neuro transmitter release from one axon terminals where electrical turns to chemical afferent -Answer-information going into the brain efferent -Answer-information out of brain flow of information -Answer-info comes through receptors, afferent nerves, into CNS, integration/coordination, motor efferent (somatic or autonomic) somatic -Answer-the stuff we are aware of and have control over somatic afferent -Answer-sensory information of what we are aware of somatic efferent -Answer-voluntary muscle control, 2 neurons between brain and effector, upper and lower motor neuron upper motor neuron -Answer-cell body in brain, axon in spinal cord lower motor neuron -Answer-cell body in spinal cord, axon in spinal nerve neuro-muscular junction -Answer-Where neuron releases neurotransmitters (ACh) that depolarize muscle fiber cells - contraction autonomic -Answer-involuntary control, 3 neurons between brain and effector, 2 divisions, sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic neuron 1 -Answer-cell body in brain, axon in brain or spinal cord (CNS) autonomic neuron 2 -Answer-cell body in brain or spinal cord, axon in PNS , myelinated, neurotransmitter = ACh autonomic neuron 3 -Answer-cell body in PNS, axon in PNS, unmyelinated, neurotransmitter = NE autonomic neurons effectors -Answer-smooth muscle, cardi