Basic Pharmacology Exit Exam Questions And Answers/2024.

The process by which drugs are absorbed, transported, metabolized and eliminated is best defined as _______. - correct answer Pharmacokinetics If a drug is a weak acid (non-ionized pH of approximately 3.0) with a pKa value of 8.5, it will absorbed most quickly by which of the following routes of administration? - correct answer via the oral route Drug manufacturers need to target active transport mechanisms when synthesizing a drug when the drug is________? - correct answer non-lipid soluble and needs to move against the concentration gradient to be absorbed Which of the following routes of administration will lead to the highest blood levels of a drug and fastest onset of the drugs effects? - correct answer inhalation/smoked The dose at which half of the subjects of a study show the desired effect of a drug is the _____. - correct answer ED50 Zoloft (sertraline) is a drug that prevents the reuptake of serotonin. It is best classified as a(n) _____. - correct answer Indirect Agonist Thorazine (chlorpromazine) is a drug that binds to dopamine receptors and prevents dopamine from binding. However, it does not have the ability to change receptor signaling. It is best classified as a(n) _____. - correct answer Competitive Antagonist Ketamine is a drug that blocks calcium channels and prevents calcium ions from entering a cell. It is best classified as a(n) _____. - correct answer Noncompetitive antagonist Morphine is a drug that binds to opioid receptors and activates them, mimicking the effects of endorphins. It is best classified as a(n) _____. - correct answer Direct Agonist Clonidine is a drug that activates noradrenergic alpha-2 autoreceptors to inhibit the release of norepinephrine. Pharmacologically, how is this drug best classified and why? (Again, the key word is pharmacologically) - correct answer A direct agonist because it activates the alpha-2 receptor in a similar manner to norepinephrine and causes a change in receptor