MN 551 Patho Exam Study Guide

MN 551 Patho Exam Study Guide Which of the following factors is most responsible for the fact that prefrontal lobotomy is no longer a common treatment for mental illness? - Individuals treated by lobotomy have difficulty interpreting somatic, visual, and auditory information. Lobotomy inhibits the individual's ability to add perception and meaning to sensory information. ******Severing connections between the brain and its prefrontal areas inhibits problem solving and results in a loss of ambition. Loss of communication to and from the prefrontal cortex changes, but ultimately exacerbates, symptoms of mental illness. Which of the following questions is most likely to be clinically useful in the differential diagnosis of sensorineural versus conductive hearing loss? - *******"What medications do you currently take?" "What effect is this hearing loss having on your quality of life?" "Has your hearing loss developed quickly or more slowly?" "Do you ever hear a persistent ringing in your ears?" Four weeks ago, an 83-year-old male fractured his femoral head in a fall that was caused by orthostatic hypotension. His care provider has stated that the healing process is occurring at a reasonable pace, and that the man will regain full function after healing and rehabilitation. Which of the following cells are most responsible for restoring the integrity of the man's broken bone? - Osteocytes Osteoclasts *******Osteoblasts Osteomas Which of the following individuals demonstrates a health problem with his or her axial skeleton? - A 21-year-old male who fractured his humerus while snowboarding *******A 40-year-old man who has a contusion to the left temporal bone of his skull following a motor vehicle accident A 79-year-old female who has undergone hemiarthroplasty (hip replacement surgery) A 30-year-old pregnant woman who has a separated pubic symphysis Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes an aspect of the neurobiology of sleep? - The hypothalamus stimulates the anterior and posterior pituitary to modulate sleeping-waking cycles. The pituitary releases melatonin at predictable points in the circadian rhythm in order to facilitate sleep. The reticular formation, thalamus, and cerebral cortex interact to integrate the sleep-wake cycle. Input from the retinas is interpreted by the cerebellum and contributes to maintenance of the circadian rhythm. A woman with severe visual and auditory deficits is able to identify individuals by running her fingers lightly over their face. Which of the following sources is most likely to provide the input that allows for the woman's ability? - Pacinian corpuscles Ruffini end organs *******Meissner corpuscles Free nerve endings