Chapter 4 developmental Psychology Common Terms Questions and Ascertained Answers 2023/2024

Chapter 4 developmental Psychology Common Terms Questions and Ascertained Answers 2023/2024 Developmental psychology - correct answer A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span Critical period - correct answer An optimal period shortly after birth when an organism's exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development. Zygote - correct answer The fertilized egg; it enters a 2-week period of rapid cell division and develops into an embryo Embryo - correct answer The developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month Fetus - correct answer The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth Teratogens - correct answer Agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - correct answer Physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by a pregnant woman's heavy drinking. In severe cases, symptoms include noticeable facial misproportions Rooting reflex - correct answer A baby's tendency, when touched on the cheek, to turn toward the touch, open the mouth, and search for the nipple Moro reflex - correct answer Infant startle response to sudden, intense noise or movement. When startled the newborn arches its back, throws back its head, and flings out its arms and legs. Habituation - correct answer decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation Maturation - correct answer biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience