Galen Pharmacology Exam 2 Latest Update Graded A+

Galen Pharmacology Exam 2 Latest Update Graded A+ Adrenergic Agonist epinephrine: activates the SNS by increasing BP (alpha1), HR (beta1) and promotes bronchioldilation (beta2) SNS response from adrenergic agonists agents that activate adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system causing o Dilates pupils, increases intraocular pressure o Dilates bronchioles o Increases heart rate and strength of contractions o Constricts blood vessels and increases BP o Reduces GI secretions and motility o Relaxes bladder and decreases urination o Decreases contractions and relaxes the uterus o Increases glycosis (glucose release) and blood glucose Indications for epinephrine o Asthma and bronchospasm o Allergic reaction, anaphylaxis o Severe hypotension, cardiac arrest o Nasal congestion Side effects-epinephrine Anorexia, nausea, restlessness, insomnia, hyperglycemia, headaches, sweating, dizziness, agitation and anxiety adverse reactions-epinephrine Palpitations, tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, dyspnea, hyperglycemia, hypertension, necrosis at IV site Contraindications-epinephrine pregnant women, cardiac disease, diabetes, older adults. Closed angle glaucoma Nursing interventions-epinephrine -Monitor vital signs at baseline and after administration. -Monitor Blood glucose levels -monitor EKG -ensure Pt knows how to use pen and demonstrates, check contents of pen, no pink or brown -Pt should not be using epipen frequently -use at first sign of s/s of allergic reaction -have pen with them all the time, not to store in extreme cold of hot temps -go to ER after having to use it -hold pen in skin for 5-10 seconds after auto injector goes off -massage injection site Interactions of epinephrine o MAOIs o Tricyclic antidepressants o Beta blockers o Digoxin o Lab- increased blood sugar Beta 2 adrenergic Agonist Albuterol -which relaxes smooth muscles which promotes bronchodilation indications for Albuterol o Bronchospasms o Asthma o Bronchitis o COPD side effects of albuterol o Tremors o Nervousness o Restlessness o Insomnia o GI upset o Sweating -agitation -anxiety -drowsiness adverse reactions of albuterol o HTN o Tachycardia o Palpitations o Hyperglycemia -cardiac dyrhthymias Contraindications of albuterol Monitor allergies for milk protein hypersensitivity, contraindicated with cardiac disease, hypertension, diabetes, older adult, seizure