Community Acquired Pneumonia Exam Questions And Answers Graded A+

Community Acquired Pneumonia Exam Questions And Answers Graded A+ Definition of pneumonia Acute parenchymal infection associated wtih: -2+ symptoms of acute infection (fever, cough, dyspnea) -Presence of acute infiltration on CXR or auscultatory findings consistent with pneumonia (adventitious breath sounds) Categories of pneumonia Community acquired pneumonia: infection that begins outside the hospital or is diagnosed within 48 hours after admission Hospital acquired pneumonia: Pneumonia that occurs 48+ hours after admission, which was not incubating at time of admission Ventilator associated pneumonia: Pneumonia that arises 48-72 hours after endotracheal intubation Epidemiology of community acquired pneumonia -#1 cause of death by infectious disease, 8th leading cause overall -Incidence and mortality greatest in 5yrs, and 65yrs Pathogenesis of community acquired pneumonia -Bacterial are deposited in terminal bronchioles/alveolar spaces by aspiration or inhalation -Infection leads to alveolitis with subsequent accumulation of exudates in alveoli -- spreads to interstitum and possibly pleura Typical pneumonias Acquired via aspiration from a previously colonized oropharynx (ex: breath in the air of another's cough -- aspirate it at night -- pneumonia) Pathogens: -Streptococcus pneumoniae -Haemophilus influeznae -Moraxella catarrhalis *Typically gram stain, present like pneumonia, and will see consolidation of CXR Atypical pneumonias Acquired by inhalation of bacterial laden aerosols (air is breathed in and does not stop at upper airway) Pathogens: -Legionella pneumophilia