Structure and function chapter 12 blood, Structure and Function of the Body by Thibodeau/Patton Chapter 11 - The Endocrine System, The Nervous System: Structure and Function, Structure and Function: Chapter 10, Structures and Functions of the Muscula...

Blood plasma - correct answer Blood minus its cells What is blood made of - correct answer Fluid tissue with many chemicals dissolved in it What does blood do? - correct answer Transportation and protection against foreign invaders What is the difference between plasma and serum - correct answer Similar but serum excludes clotting factors What are the granular white blood cells - correct answer Neuroptophils, eosinophils, basophils What are the agranular white blood cells - correct answer B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, Mohocytes What are the 3 main types of formed elements of the blood? - correct answer Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets What do neurotrophils do - correct answer Phagocytosis What do eosinophils do? - correct answer Defense parasites What do basophils do? - correct answer Inflammatory response, secrete heparin and histamine Fat-soluble vitamin for blood clotting and what does it do? - correct answer Vitamin K, acts as catalyst that transforms some anticlotting proteins into clotting proteins What do B lymphocytes do? - correct answer Antibody production What do T lymphocytes do? - correct answer Cellular immune response, destroy cancer cells What do monocytes do? - correct answer Phagocytosis What do platelets (thrombocytes) do? - correct answer Blood clothing Normal range of red blood cell count? - correct answer 4.2 to 6.2 million normal range of WBC - correct answer 5000 to 10,000 per mm3 of blood Normal range of platelets - correct answer 300,000 per mm3 of blood What are the most numerous white blood cells? - correct answer Neutrophils What is hematopoiesis? - correct answer Formation of new blood cells What 2 kinds of connective tissue make blood cells for the body - correct answer Myeloid tissue and lymphoid tissue Myeloid tissue - correct answer Red bone marrow Lymphoid tissue - correct answer Lymphatic tissue (nodes, thymus, spleen) Red blood cell structure and function - correct answer Disk shaped, my nuclei, transports oxygen and carbon dioxide Can red blood cells reproduce? - correct answer No, can't reproduce or replace lost or damaged cellular components Hematocrit (Hct) test - correct answer Centrifuge separates into blood elements and liquid fraction. Buffy coat is WBC and platelet fraction. Normal RBC level is 45% Dehydration effect on RBCS - correct answer Decreased plasma (water in plasma) and RBCs elevated What is anemia - correct answer Inability of blood to carry adequate oxygen to brain Causes of anemia - correct answer Low RBCS, hemoglobin deficiency, pernicious anemia (vitamin B12 deficiency) What is polycythemia? - correct answer Bone marrow produces too many RBCs, blood may not flow properly, can cause stroke or heart attack What is critical in transport and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and body's cells - correct answer Hemoglobin molecules that fill RBCs What is an antigen? - correct answer Substance that can activate immune system,like a flag or marker against foreign invaders What is an antibody? - correct answer Substance made by body in response to simulation by an antigen. Fights invaders What happens when you mix blood types? - correct answer Antibodies react with their antigens to cause clumping (agglutinate the antigens) Universal recipient blood type - correct answer Type AB Universal donor blood type - correct answer Type O What happens with RH negative pregnant women and RH positive baby (erythroblastosis fetalis)? - correct answer Mom should be treated with rhogam at 28 weeks and 72 hours after delivery to avoid risk with 2nd baby for RH antigen Are there anti-RH antibodies in plasma? - correct answer No, unless in RH negative person if RH positive RBCS have been introduced into their bodies. Transfusion, pregnancy What is the universal donor blood? - correct answer Type Of Rh negative What is the universal recipient blood type? - correct answer Type AB Rh positive Another name for white blood cells and what do they do? - correct answer Leukocytes, defense Leukopenia - correct answer Decreased WBC count, can interfere with ability to fight infection Leukocytosis is? - correct answer Abnormally high WBC count without underlying disease List of granular leukocytes - correct answer Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils List of agranular leukoctes - correct answer B-Lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, monocytes Leukemia (cancer) - correct answer Elevated WBC count, cells multiply or misfunction, can be acute or chronic How does blood clot? - correct answer Clotting factors released a site produce prothrombin, prothrombin and calcium convert it to thrombin which reacts to fibrinogen and triggers fibrin to form which traps RBCs to form a clot platelet plugs - correct answer Vessels constrict to close gap and platelets stick Hemostasis - correct answer process that stops bleeding thrombus - correct answer a stationary blood clot Embolus (embolism) - correct answer Clot dislodges and circulates through the bloodstream What is TPA? - correct answer Clot buster used for stroke within three hours Acidosis - correct answer When alkalinity of blood decreases toward neutral; increases acidity in blood Sickle cells - correct answer A fragile, Crescent shaped RBC caused by genetic disorder whee abnormal forms of hemoglobin form crystals and weaken the cell when oxygen low Erythroblastosis fetalis - correct answer Hemolytic Anemia caused by the mothers RH antibodies reacting with babies positive cells. RBCs are destroyed and removed from blood stream before lifespan over What is albumin? - correct answer Plasma protein helps retain water in the blood through osmosis What causes pernicious anemia? - correct answer Failure of stomach lining to produce intrinsic factor (the substance that allows B12 to be absorbed from the food we eat. What are globulins? - correct answer Group of proteins in Blood stream that help protect from infections, circulate in plasma Fibrogen - correct answer A protein in plasma, produces fibrin Thrombosis - correct answer Blood clot deep in a vein, usually the legs RH factor - correct answer Inherited proteins found on the surface of RBCs Hematocrit - correct answer Part of CBC test, volume RBCs in sample What is aplastic anemia? - correct answer Decrease in RBCs following destruction of blood forming elements in bone marrow (toxic chemicals, x-rays, some drugs, chemo) Causes of a low hematocrit - correct answer Anemia, cancer What are erythrocytes - correct answer Red blood cells Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) - correct answer Gland: Anterior Pituitary-Tropic Hormone Stimulates secretion of thyroid hormones Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) - correct answer Gland: Anterior Pituitary-Tropic Hormone Stimulates secretion of adrenal cortex hormones Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - correct answer Gland: Anterior Pituitary-Tropic Hormone Female: stimulates development of ovarian follicles and secretion of estrogens. Male: stimulates seminiferous tubules of testes to grow and produce sperm. Luteninizing hormone (LH) - correct answer Gland: Anterior Pituitary-Tropic Hormone Female: stimulates maturation of ovarian follicle and ovum; stimulates secretion of estrogen; triggers ovulation; stimulates develop