Midterm 5 exam with correct answer 2024

Erikson differs from Freud by his placing greater emphasis on: 1. Interpersonal relationships 2. Cultural factors in development 3. Instinctual drives 4. Psychosexual development 5. Object Relations - correct answer2. Cultural Factors in Development In which of the following age groups is the stage of preoperational thought process? 1. Birth to 2 years 2. Ages 2-7 years 3. Ages 7-11 years 4. Age 11 through the end of adolescence 5. None of these - correct answerb. 2-7 years old The PMHNP is discussing medication management with a 16 year old adolescent. It is important to remember that adolescents are often resistant to complying with medications for which of the following reasons? 1. The success of the anti-drug education 2. Side effects 3. Resistance to the perceived control by authority figures. 4. A resurgence of interest in natural medicines - correct answer3. Resistance to the perceived control by authority figures Adolescences is a critical time for development and this includes identity formation and movement away from dependency and more independence for own care Which of the following is not considered a mature defense mechanism? 1. Suppression 2. Somatization 3. Asceticism 4. Anticipation 5. Altruism - correct answer2. Somatization Who is the theorist generally credited with developing interpersonal therapy? 1. Melanie Klein 2. Harry Stack Sullivan 3. Marsha Linehan 4. Aaron Beck - correct answer2. Harry Stack Sullivan You are using a cognitive-behavioral approach to help a pediatric patient change self-defeating behaviors. Which of the following would you highlight when using a cognitive-behavioral approach? 1. Feelings 2. Beliefs 3. Introjection 4. Projection identification - correct answer2. Beliefs Which of the following methods is not used in biofeedback? 1. Strain gauge 2. Galvanic skin response 3. Electromyography 4. Electroencephalography 5. All of the above - correct answer1. Strain gauge Which of the following theorists is considered the founder of the attachment theory? 1. John Bowlby 2. Otto Kernberg 3. Melanie Klein 4. Heinz Kohut 5. Adolf Meyer - correct answer1. John Bowlby American psychologist Edward L Thorndike described 1. Drive reduction theory 2. Trial and error learning 3. Respondent behavior 4. Behaviorism 5. Operant behavior - correct answer2. Trial and error learning Attachment theory states that 1. Infants are generally polytropic in their attachments 2. Attachment disorders may lead to failure to thrive 3. Attachment occurs instantaneously between the mother and the child 4. Attachment is synonymous with bonding 5. Separation anxiety is most common when an infant is 5 months old - correct answer2. Attachment disorders may lead to failure to thrive According to Prochaska and DiClemente Change Theory, at what stage of change would ambivalence be evident? 1. Contemplation 2. Action 3. Denial 4. Precontemplation - correct answer1. Contemplation As a practicing PMHNP you diagnose a patient with polysubstance dependence and decide to proceed with motivational interviewing (MI). MI incorporates all of the following principles EXCEPT 1. Expressing empathy 2. Giving advice 3. Developing discrepancy 4. Rolling with resistance 5. Supporting self-efficacy - correct answer2. Giving advice Match the following statement with the appropriate leadership skill term: To let clients know they are heard and understood beyond the level of words require 1. Active listening 2. Restating 3. Clarifying 4. Empathizing 5. Reflecting feelings - correct answer5. Reflecting feelings Several communication styles are key to the spirit of MI. Select the one that is the most likely to contribute to resistance. 1. Guiding 2. Focusing 3. Following 4. Directing - correct answer4. Directing The PMHNP knows that an essential component embedded in the role and scope of practice is critical thinking. Critical thinking____. (Choose all that apply) 1. Is defined as rehabilitative services 2. Entails making clinical decisions based on evidence-based practice 3. Develops self-awareness by a metacognitive mechanism to gather additional insights about one's self 4. None of the answers are correct - correct answer2. Entails making clinical decisions based on evidence-based practice 3. Develops self-awareness by a metacognitive mechanism to gather additional insights about one's self The PMHNP understands that the role and scope of practice includes reflective practice. Reflective practice____. Select one 1. Links theory and practice 2. enhances critical thinking and problem solving 3. enhances clinical reasoning and decision making 4. uses a framework to make sense of the experience 5. All the answers are correct - correct answer5. All the answers are correct The spirit of MI closely aligns with which of the following? 1. Freudian drive theory 2. Self-psychology 3. Person-centered theory 4. Object relations theory 5. Attachment theory - correct answer3. Person-centered theory What skills-based interaction model is utilized in motivational interviewing? 1. The reflective practice model 2. The OARS Model 3. The Othering Model 4. The Trauma Informed Model - correct answer2. The OARS Model What stage in MI is NOT indicative of change? 1. Action 2. maintenance 3. Preconscious 4. Precontemplation - correct answer4. Precontemplation Which statement best describes the "roll with resistance" principle of MI? 1. It describes the patient's movement past ambivalence 2. It describes actions that the PMHNP takes to avoid a struggle with the patient on changes 3. It is when the PMHNP takes on the role of "devil's advocate" 4. It represents the patient's wish to change 5. None of the answers are correct - correct answer2. It describes actions that the PMHNP takes to avoid a struggle with the patient on changes All of the following regarding postpartum depression are true except? 1. May last months to years if untreated 2. Occurs within 3-6 months post deliver 3. Is associated with a history of a mood disorder 4. Is associated with a history of a mood disorder 5. Is rarely associated with feelings of guilt or inadequacy - correct answer5. Is rarely associated with feelings of guilt or inadequacy All of the following regarding the "baby blues" are true except? 1. Occur in up to 50% of women who give birth 2. Occurs 3-5 days post delivery 3. Are associated with a history of a mood disorder 4. Can cause a sleep disturbance - correct answer3. Are associated with a history of a mood disorder Research has shown that children of mothers with borderline personality are more likely to exhibit all of the following except? 1. Higher rates of emotional and behavioral problems 2. Higher rates of psychiatric disorders 3. Disorganized attachment to the mother at one year of age 4. Successful interpersonal functioning - correct answer4. Successful interpersonal functioning Spouse abuse is? 1. Carried out by spouses who tend to be independent and assertive 2. A recent phenomenon 3. Least likely to occur if a woman is pregnant 4. Directed at specific actions of the spouse 5. An act that is self-reinforcing - correct answer5. An act that is self-reinforcing The following screening tool is routinely used to screen for depression in the perinatal setting 1. Mood disorder Questionnaire MDQ 2. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale 3. Connor's Rating Scales 4. Ham-A Rating Scale - correct answer2. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale The psychiatric interview serves all to the following except: 1. To establish a therapeutic relationship 2. To implement a treatment plan 3. To assess the nature of the problem 4. To demonstrate the medical provider's expertise 5. None of the above - correct answer4. To demonstrate the medical provider's expertise What teratogenic effects can occur by the psychotropics divalproex and lithium? 1. Divelproex-Esptein anomoly; lithium-cleft palate 2. Lithium-Spina bifida; Depakote-mental retardation 3. Lithium-epstein anomoly; Depakote- - correct answer