A&P 1 Final Exam, Straighterline
Anatomy and Physiology 1,
Straighterline A&P 1 Cumulative Final
What is the smallest level of organization in the body that contains the body's genetic
information?
Select one:
a. chemical
b. cellular
c. tissue
d. organism - ANSB. Cellular
The cellular level includes the nucleus, an organelle that contains the body's genetic
information.
Which is an example of a normally occurring positive-feedback mechanism?
Select one:
a. elevated blood pressure during exercise
b. increase in heart rate after blood loss
c. decrease in blood pressure after blood loss
d. stretching of the uterus near the end of pregnancy - ANSd. stretching of the uterus near
the end of pregnancy
Which of the following processes generates the most ATP within a human cell?
Select one:
a. glycolysis
b. lactic acid fermentation
c. oxidative phosphorylation
d. citric acid cycle - ANSc. oxidative phosphorylation
During DNA replication, how does each template strand eventually become two identical
DNA molecules?
Select one:
a. The two strands form continuously, catalyzed by DNA polymerase.
b. The two strands form continuously, catalyzed by DNA ligase.
c. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA
polymerase.
d. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA ligase. -
ANSd. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA
ligase.
Which is the most superficial layer of skin that is composed primarily of living cells?
,Select one:
a. stratum corneum
b. stratum lucidum
c. stratum basale
d. stratum spinosum - ANSd. stratum spinosum
Which of the following is the definition of a third degree burn?
Select one:
a. a burn that covers at least 25% of the skin
b. a burn that has destroyed the dermis and epidermis
c. a burn that can only be caused by fire
d. a burn that does not leave scars - ANSb. a burn that has destroyed the dermis and
epidermis
Which of the following types of openings in the skeletal system does a "sinus" describe?
Select one:
a. cavity
b. cleft
c. hole
d. tunnel - ANSa. cavity
Which of the following components of the bone matrix, when removed, allows the bone to be
easily shattered?
Select one:
a. cartilage
b. collagen
c. hydroxyapatite
d. mineral - ANSb. collagen
Which of the following is the most widely distributed type of muscle in the body?
Select one:
a. cardiac
b. postural
c. skeletal
d. smooth - ANSd. smooth
Which sentence best describes the sliding filament model of muscle contraction?
Select one:
a. Actin and myosin filaments remain stationary.
b. Actin and myosin myofilaments shorten.
c. Sarcomeres and myofibrils contract.
d. Sarcomeres and myofibrils lengthen. - ANSc. Sarcomeres and myofibrils contract.
doctor performing an autopsy on a patient concludes that part of the brain was likely
damaged by trauma due to a large population of which type of cell?
Select one:
a. Schwann cells
b. microglia
,c. oligodendrocytes
d. ependymal cel - ANSb. microglia
What type of axons is found in a gray ramus comunicans?
Select one:
a. myelinated, pre-ganglionic axons
b. myelinated, post-ganglionic axons
c. unmyelinated, pre-ganglionic axons
d. unmyelinated, post-ganglionic axons - ANSd. unmyelinated, post-ganglionic axons
Which class of chemical messengers is secreted by neurons into synaptic clefts to activate
an adjacent cell?
Select one:
a. autocrine
b. endocrine
c. neurotransmitter
d. paracrine - ANSc. neurotransmitter
The targeted response of the hormone lipotropin is an increase in which of the following?
Select one:
a. the breakdown of fat in adipose tissues
b. the breakdown of lipids and release of fatty acids from cells
c. the production of milk in lactating women
d. the secretion of thyroid hormone - ANSa. the breakdown of fat in adipose tissues
The articulations between the radius and ulna that allow for rotation of the forearm is an
example of a(n) _________ joint.
A. plane
B. pivot
C. hinge
D. ellipsoid - ANSB. pivot
In order to increase low blood glucose levels back to normal, the pancreas increases
secretion of ________.
A. somatostatin
B. insulin
C. glucocorticoids
D. glucagon - ANSD. glucagon
Hypocalcemia results from inactive
A. adrenal glands.
B. pancreatic islets.
C. parathyroid glands.
D. parafollicular cells. - ANSC. parathyroid glands.
Which component of the autonomic nervous system is least active during resting conditions?
A. parasympathetic division
B. enteric nervous system
, C. sympathetic division
D. sensory neurons - ANSC. sympathetic division
Which of the following special senses experiences the least amount of decline as an
individual ages?
A. olfactory
B. balance
C. visual
D. auditory - ANSA. olfactory
The study of the external form of the body and its relationship to deeper structures is
Select one:
a. systemic anatomy.
b. regional anatomy.
c. molecular biology.
d. microbiology.
e. surface anatomy - ANSe. surface anatomy
There are more microbial cells than human cells in your body and the health of this
microbiota clearly influences human well-being. How many microbes are there?.
Select one:
a. For every cell in your body, there are ten microbial cells.
b. For every cell in your body, there are one hundred microbial cells.
c. For every cell in your body, there are one thousand microbial cells.
d. For every cell in your body, there are ten thousand microbial cells. - ANSa. For every cell
in your body, there are ten microbial cells.
An anatomic image created from sound waves is a
Select one:
a. radiograph.
b. CT scan.
c. MRI.
d. sonogram - ANSd. sonogram
A major limitation of radiographs is that they
Select one:
a. can only visualize bone.
b. give only a flat, two-dimensional image of the body.
c. are old technology that do not give good results.
d. have very few applications. - ANSb. give only a flat, two-dimensional image of the body.
A tissue is a
Select one:
a. structure contained within a cell.
b. lower level of organization than a cell.
c. group of organs that performs specific functions.
Anatomy and Physiology 1,
Straighterline A&P 1 Cumulative Final
What is the smallest level of organization in the body that contains the body's genetic
information?
Select one:
a. chemical
b. cellular
c. tissue
d. organism - ANSB. Cellular
The cellular level includes the nucleus, an organelle that contains the body's genetic
information.
Which is an example of a normally occurring positive-feedback mechanism?
Select one:
a. elevated blood pressure during exercise
b. increase in heart rate after blood loss
c. decrease in blood pressure after blood loss
d. stretching of the uterus near the end of pregnancy - ANSd. stretching of the uterus near
the end of pregnancy
Which of the following processes generates the most ATP within a human cell?
Select one:
a. glycolysis
b. lactic acid fermentation
c. oxidative phosphorylation
d. citric acid cycle - ANSc. oxidative phosphorylation
During DNA replication, how does each template strand eventually become two identical
DNA molecules?
Select one:
a. The two strands form continuously, catalyzed by DNA polymerase.
b. The two strands form continuously, catalyzed by DNA ligase.
c. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA
polymerase.
d. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA ligase. -
ANSd. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA
ligase.
Which is the most superficial layer of skin that is composed primarily of living cells?
,Select one:
a. stratum corneum
b. stratum lucidum
c. stratum basale
d. stratum spinosum - ANSd. stratum spinosum
Which of the following is the definition of a third degree burn?
Select one:
a. a burn that covers at least 25% of the skin
b. a burn that has destroyed the dermis and epidermis
c. a burn that can only be caused by fire
d. a burn that does not leave scars - ANSb. a burn that has destroyed the dermis and
epidermis
Which of the following types of openings in the skeletal system does a "sinus" describe?
Select one:
a. cavity
b. cleft
c. hole
d. tunnel - ANSa. cavity
Which of the following components of the bone matrix, when removed, allows the bone to be
easily shattered?
Select one:
a. cartilage
b. collagen
c. hydroxyapatite
d. mineral - ANSb. collagen
Which of the following is the most widely distributed type of muscle in the body?
Select one:
a. cardiac
b. postural
c. skeletal
d. smooth - ANSd. smooth
Which sentence best describes the sliding filament model of muscle contraction?
Select one:
a. Actin and myosin filaments remain stationary.
b. Actin and myosin myofilaments shorten.
c. Sarcomeres and myofibrils contract.
d. Sarcomeres and myofibrils lengthen. - ANSc. Sarcomeres and myofibrils contract.
doctor performing an autopsy on a patient concludes that part of the brain was likely
damaged by trauma due to a large population of which type of cell?
Select one:
a. Schwann cells
b. microglia
,c. oligodendrocytes
d. ependymal cel - ANSb. microglia
What type of axons is found in a gray ramus comunicans?
Select one:
a. myelinated, pre-ganglionic axons
b. myelinated, post-ganglionic axons
c. unmyelinated, pre-ganglionic axons
d. unmyelinated, post-ganglionic axons - ANSd. unmyelinated, post-ganglionic axons
Which class of chemical messengers is secreted by neurons into synaptic clefts to activate
an adjacent cell?
Select one:
a. autocrine
b. endocrine
c. neurotransmitter
d. paracrine - ANSc. neurotransmitter
The targeted response of the hormone lipotropin is an increase in which of the following?
Select one:
a. the breakdown of fat in adipose tissues
b. the breakdown of lipids and release of fatty acids from cells
c. the production of milk in lactating women
d. the secretion of thyroid hormone - ANSa. the breakdown of fat in adipose tissues
The articulations between the radius and ulna that allow for rotation of the forearm is an
example of a(n) _________ joint.
A. plane
B. pivot
C. hinge
D. ellipsoid - ANSB. pivot
In order to increase low blood glucose levels back to normal, the pancreas increases
secretion of ________.
A. somatostatin
B. insulin
C. glucocorticoids
D. glucagon - ANSD. glucagon
Hypocalcemia results from inactive
A. adrenal glands.
B. pancreatic islets.
C. parathyroid glands.
D. parafollicular cells. - ANSC. parathyroid glands.
Which component of the autonomic nervous system is least active during resting conditions?
A. parasympathetic division
B. enteric nervous system
, C. sympathetic division
D. sensory neurons - ANSC. sympathetic division
Which of the following special senses experiences the least amount of decline as an
individual ages?
A. olfactory
B. balance
C. visual
D. auditory - ANSA. olfactory
The study of the external form of the body and its relationship to deeper structures is
Select one:
a. systemic anatomy.
b. regional anatomy.
c. molecular biology.
d. microbiology.
e. surface anatomy - ANSe. surface anatomy
There are more microbial cells than human cells in your body and the health of this
microbiota clearly influences human well-being. How many microbes are there?.
Select one:
a. For every cell in your body, there are ten microbial cells.
b. For every cell in your body, there are one hundred microbial cells.
c. For every cell in your body, there are one thousand microbial cells.
d. For every cell in your body, there are ten thousand microbial cells. - ANSa. For every cell
in your body, there are ten microbial cells.
An anatomic image created from sound waves is a
Select one:
a. radiograph.
b. CT scan.
c. MRI.
d. sonogram - ANSd. sonogram
A major limitation of radiographs is that they
Select one:
a. can only visualize bone.
b. give only a flat, two-dimensional image of the body.
c. are old technology that do not give good results.
d. have very few applications. - ANSb. give only a flat, two-dimensional image of the body.
A tissue is a
Select one:
a. structure contained within a cell.
b. lower level of organization than a cell.
c. group of organs that performs specific functions.
